// system includes
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>

// local headers
#include "includes/desktopfileentry.h"
#include "includes/desktopfile_exceptions.h"
#include "includes/desktopfilereader.h"
#include "includes/desktopfile_util.h"

namespace linuxdeploy {
    namespace desktopfile {
        class DesktopFileReader::PrivateData {
        public:
            std::string path;
            DesktopFile::sections_t sections;

        public:
            bool isEmpty() {
                return sections.empty();
            }

            void assertPathIsNotEmpty() {
                if (path.empty())
                    throw IOError("empty path is not permitted");
            }

            void copyData(const std::shared_ptr<PrivateData>& other) {
                path = other->path;
                sections = other->sections;
            }

            void parse(std::istream& file) {
                std::string line;
                bool first = true;

                std::string currentSectionName;

                while (std::getline(file, line)) {
                    if (first) {
                        first = false;
                        // said to allow handling of UTF-16/32 documents, not entirely sure why
                        if (line[0] == static_cast<std::string::value_type>(0xEF)) {
                            line.erase(0, 3);
                            return;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!line.empty()) {
                        auto len = line.length();
                        if (len > 0 &&
                            !((len >= 2 && (line[0] == '/' && line[1] == '/')) || (len >= 1 && line[0] == '#'))) {
                            if (line[0] == '[') {
                                if (line.find_last_of('[') != 0)
                                    throw ParseError("Multiple opening [ brackets");

                                // this line apparently introduces a new section
                                auto closingBracketPos = line.find(']');
                                auto lastClosingBracketPos = line.find_last_of(']');

                                if (closingBracketPos == std::string::npos)
                                    throw ParseError("No closing ] bracket in section header");
                                else if (closingBracketPos != lastClosingBracketPos)
                                    throw ParseError("Two or more closing ] brackets in section header");

                                size_t length = len - 2;
                                auto title = line.substr(1, closingBracketPos - 1);

                                // set up the new section
                                sections.insert(std::make_pair(title, DesktopFile::section_t()));
                                currentSectionName = std::move(title);
                            } else {
                                // we require at least one section to be present in the desktop file
                                if (currentSectionName.empty())
                                    throw ParseError("No section in desktop file");

                                auto delimiterPos = line.find('=');
                                if (delimiterPos == std::string::npos)
                                    throw ParseError("No = key/value delimiter found");

                                // this line should be a normal key-value pair
                                std::string key = line.substr(0, delimiterPos);
                                std::string value = line.substr(delimiterPos + 1, line.size());

                                // we can strip away any sort of leading or trailing whitespace safely
                                trim(key);
                                trim(value);

                                // empty keys are not allowed for obvious reasons
                                if (key.empty())
                                    throw ParseError("Empty keys are not allowed");

                                // check if the string is a potentially localized string
                                // if yes, parse name and locale out, and check them for validity
                                std::string entryName, entryLocale;

                                auto openingBracketPos = key.find('[');
                                if (openingBracketPos != std::string::npos) {
                                    entryName = key.substr(0, key.find('['));
                                    entryLocale = key.substr(openingBracketPos, key.size());
                                } else {
                                    entryName = key;
                                }

                                // name may only contain A-Za-z- characters according to specification
                                for (const char c : entryName) {
                                    if (!(
                                            (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') ||
                                            (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') ||
                                            (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ||
                                            (c == '-')
                                        )
                                    ) {
                                        throw ParseError("Key " + key + " contains invalid character " + std::string{c});
                                    }
                                }

                                // validate locale part
                                if (!entryLocale.empty()) {
                                    static const auto errorPrefix = "Invalid localization syntax used in key " + key + ": ";

                                    if (std::count(entryLocale.begin(), entryLocale.end(), '[') != 1 ||
                                        std::count(entryLocale.begin(), entryLocale.end(), '[') != 1) {
                                        throw ParseError(errorPrefix + "mismatching [] brackets");
                                    }

                                    // just for clarification: _this_ should never happen, given how the strings are
                                    // split above
                                    if (entryLocale.find('[') != 0) {
                                        throw ParseError(errorPrefix + "invalid [ position");
                                    }

                                    if (entryLocale.find(']') != entryLocale.size()-1) {
                                        throw ParseError(errorPrefix + "invalid ] position");
                                    }

                                    // the syntax within the brackets is not tested by intention, as some KDE apps
                                    // use a locale called "x-test" for some reason
                                    // strict validation of the locale part broke all AppImage builds on the KDE binary
                                    // factory
                                }

                                auto& section = sections[currentSectionName];

                                // keys must be unique in the same section
                                if (section.find(key) != section.end())
                                    throw ParseError("Key " + key + " found more than once");

                                section[key] = DesktopFileEntry(key, value);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        };

        DesktopFileReader::DesktopFileReader() : d(new PrivateData) {}

        DesktopFileReader::DesktopFileReader(std::string path) : DesktopFileReader() {
            d->path = std::move(path);
            d->assertPathIsNotEmpty();

            std::ifstream ifs(d->path);
            if (!ifs)
                throw IOError("could not open file: " + d->path);

            d->parse(ifs);
        }

        DesktopFileReader::DesktopFileReader(std::istream& is) : DesktopFileReader() {
            d->parse(is);
        }

        DesktopFileReader::DesktopFileReader(const DesktopFileReader& other) : DesktopFileReader() {
            d->copyData(other.d);
        }

        DesktopFileReader& DesktopFileReader::operator=(const DesktopFileReader& other) {
            if (this != &other) {
                // set up a new instance of PrivateData, and copy data over from other object
                d.reset(new PrivateData);
                d->copyData(other.d);
            }

            return *this;
        }

        DesktopFileReader& DesktopFileReader::operator=(DesktopFileReader&& other) noexcept {
            if (this != &other) {
                // move other object's data into this one, and remove reference there
                d = other.d;
                other.d = nullptr;
            }

            return *this;
        }

        bool DesktopFileReader::isEmpty() const {
            return d->isEmpty();
        }

        bool DesktopFileReader::operator==(const DesktopFileReader& other) const {
            return d->path == other.d->path && d->sections == other.d->sections;
        }

        bool DesktopFileReader::operator!=(const DesktopFileReader& other) const {
            return !operator==(other);
        }

        std::string DesktopFileReader::path() const {
            return d->path;
        }

        DesktopFile::sections_t DesktopFileReader::data() const {
            return d->sections;
        }

        DesktopFile::section_t DesktopFileReader::operator[](const std::string& name) const {
            auto it = d->sections.find(name);

            // the map would lazy-initialize a new entry in case the section doesn't exist
            // therefore explicitly checking whether the section exists, throwing an exception in case it does not
            if (it == d->sections.end())
                throw UnknownSectionError(name);

            return it->second;
        }
    }
}