%
\documentclass[
-letter,
+Letter,
14pt,
oneside,
openright,
\input{common/settings.tex}
\begin{document}
+
\input{common/title.tex} % create and use custom title page
\thispagestyle{empty} % no page numbers
\item[\textit{OSS}] was one of the first Linux sound drivers and has an open source implementation with many sound cards supported.
\item[\textit{OSS Envy24}] is the commercial version of OSS with a variant for $24 bit 96 KHz$ sound cards. This variant required changes to the way the sound drivers were used and so needed a different driver.
\item[\textit{Raw 1394, DV 1394, IEC 61883}] are older audio drivers used by camcorders and not much else.
+ \item[Pulseaudio] Extends the functionality of ALSA. It is a more modern and highly supported driver.
\end{description}
\item[Device] with the down arrow, you can see the device choices on your computer.
\item[Bits] 8, 16 or 24 Bit Linear are the current choices for the number of bits of precision Cinelerra should set the device for. The meaning of the number of bits can be misleading. Some sound drivers need to be set to 32 bits to perform 24 bit playback and will not play anything when set to 24 bits. Other sound drivers need to be set to 24 bits for 24 bit playback.
\begin{description}
\item[Play every frame] this causes every frame of video to be displayed even if it means that the playback of the video tracks fall behind. Most likely you will want this enabled because, after all, in order to edit you want to see each frame. However, if you are just watching a big video, you can switch to not play every frame so that you can at least not be distracted by slowness.
\item[Framerate achieved] the number of frames per second being displayed during playback. This is updated during playback only. The goal is to get as close to the frame rate as possible, even if Play every frame is not enabled.
- \item[Scaling equation] Enlarge / Reduce -- this algorithm is used when video playback involves scaling or translation. This does not affect $1:1$ playback. Choices available are:
+ \item[Scaling equation] Enlarge / Reduce -- this algorithm is used when video playback involves scaling or translation (only X11 video driver). This does not affect $1:1$ playback. Choices available are:
\begin{description}
\item[\textit{Nearest Neighbor / Nearest Neighbor}] low quality output with fast playback. Often produces jagged edges and uneven motion.
\item[\textit{Bicubic / Bicubic}] Bicubic interpolation is used for both enlarging and reducing, enlarging blurs slightly but does not show stair step artifacts.
\item[\textit{Bilinear / Bilinear}] when slight enlargement is needed, a bilinear enlargement looks better than a bicubic enlargement. Bilinear uses less CPU than either Bicubic or Lanczos.
\item[\textit{Lanczos / Lanczos}] is not necessarily a general purpose upscaler, but is intended for low resolution sources. However many people like the sharpening effects. More quality from Lanczos does take more CPU.
\end{description}
- \item[DVD subtitle to display] DVD IFO files usually contain subtitle tracks. These must be decoded with the MPEG decoder. Select Enable subtitles to enable subtitle decoding. There are usually multiple subtitle tracks indexed by number and starting from 0. Enter the index number of the subtitle track to be decoded in the \textit{DVD Subtitle to display} text box or use the tumbler to increase the index value. Go to the asset corresponding to the MPEG file in the \texttt{Resources} window and right click. Click on \texttt{Info}. The number of subtitle tracks is shown at the bottom.
+ \item[DVD subtitle to display] DVD IFO files usually contain subtitle tracks. These must be decoded with the MPEG decoder. Select Enable subtitles to enable subtitle decoding. There are usually multiple subtitle tracks indexed by number and starting from 0. Enter the index number of the subtitle track to be decoded in the \textit{DVD Subtitle to display} text box or use the tumbler to increase the index value. Go to the asset corresponding to the MPEG file in the \textit{Resources} window and right click. Click on \textit{Info}. The number of subtitle tracks is shown at the bottom.
\item[Enable subtitles/captioning] for broadcast TV ??
\item[Label cells] ??
\item[TOC Program No] Table of Contents program number used in DVB ??
\section{Recording}%
\label{sec:recording}
-The parameters here expedite the \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record\dots} function by allowing the user to pre-configure the file format and the hardware used for recording, since the hardware generally determines the supported file format. Once set, the file format is applied to all recordings.
+The parameters here expedite the \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record}\dots function by allowing the user to pre-configure the file format and the hardware used for recording, since the hardware generally determines the supported file format. Once set, the file format is applied to all recordings.
\subsection{File Format section}%
\label{sub:file_format_section}
\begin{description}
\item[File Format] this determines the output file format for recordings. It depends heavily on the type of driver used. The menu selections are the same as those of the rendering interface.
\item[Record audio tracks] toggle must be enabled to record audio.
- \item[Record video tracks] toggle must be enabled to record video. The wrench button left of both the audio and video tracks toggle, opens a configuration dialog in order to set the compression scheme (codec) for each audio and video output stream. The audio and video is wrapped in a container format defined by the \texttt{File Format} menu. Different wrappers may record audio only, video only, or both. Some video drivers can only record to a certain container. If the video driver is changed, the file format may be updated to give the supported output. If you change the file format to an unsupported format, it may not work with the video driver.
+ \item[Record video tracks] toggle must be enabled to record video. The wrench button left of both the audio and video tracks toggle, opens a configuration dialog in order to set the compression scheme (codec) for each audio and video output stream. The audio and video is wrapped in a container format defined by the \textit{File Format} menu. Different wrappers may record audio only, video only, or both. Some video drivers can only record to a certain container. If the video driver is changed, the file format may be updated to give the supported output. If you change the file format to an unsupported format, it may not work with the video driver.
\item[Realtime TOC] setup for DVB recording to automatically generate a Table of Contents. This will scan the stream data \textit{on the fly} on its way to being written while the asset is being captured. ??
\end{description}
\subsection{Render Farm section}%
\label{sub:render_farm_section}
-In the Render Farm Section are many options that are explained in detail in the \hyperref[sec:render_farm_usage]{Rendering} chapter of this manual. Just make sure if you do not intend to use a render farm, that \texttt{Use render farm} is not checked.
+In the Render Farm Section are many options that are explained in detail in the \hyperref[sec:render_farm_usage]{Rendering} chapter of this manual. Just make sure if you do not intend to use a render farm, that \textit{Use render farm} is not checked.
\section{Interface}%
\label{sec:interface}
\label{sub:operation_section}
\begin{description}
- \item[Probe Order] clicking on this box brings up a popup allowing you to change the probe order usually for media that is raw camera output but it is also helpful if you want to ensure that a specific driver is used for certain media; for example you may want \texttt{tiff} files to be read natively instead of by ffmpeg.
+ \item[Probe Order] clicking on this box brings up a popup allowing you to change the probe order usually for media that is raw camera output but it is also helpful if you want to ensure that a specific driver is used for certain media; for example you may want \textit{tiff} files to be read natively instead of by ffmpeg.
\item[trap sigSEGV] always enable this so that if Cinelerra crashes, a dump will be generated for analysis.
- \item[trap sigINT] always enable this so that you can use \texttt{Ctrl-c} to interrupt the program if it appears to be hanging. This will often generate some useful information for analysis.
- \item[Use yuv420p dvd interlace format] for DVD media this option maintains the interlacing in Chroma sample addressing, which ordinarily would be deleted because the upsampling of interlaced chroma fields is normally done using a progressive algorithm. With this mode enabled, the MPEG decoder uses a different algorithm for interlaced frames so that the $4:2:0$ format chroma interlacing is preserved.
+ \item[trap sigINT] always enable this so that you can use Ctrl-c to interrupt the program if it appears to be hanging. This will often generate some useful information for analysis.
+ \item[Use yuv420p dvd interlace format] for DVD media this option maintains the interlacing in Chroma sample addressing, which ordinarily would be deleted because the upsampling of interlaced chroma fields is normally done using a progressive algorithm. With this mode enabled, the MPEG decoder uses a different algorithm for interlaced frames so that the 4:2:0 format chroma interlacing is preserved.
\item[Min / Max DB for meter] \textit{Min DB} is useful because some sound sources have a lower noise threshold than others. Everything below the noise threshold is meaningless. This option sets the meters to clip below a certain level. \textit{Max DB} sets the maximum sound level represented by the sound meters. This value is presented merely to show how far over the limit a sound wave is. No matter what this value is, no sound card can play sound over 0 dB.
- \item[Import images with a duration of \# seconds] when you load single images, like \texttt{png} or \texttt{jpeg}, automatically load for \# number of seconds. This makes it easier to see an image on the timeline. If you just want the single frames, uncheck this option.
+ \item[Import images with a duration of \# seconds] when you load single images, like \textit{png} or \textit{jpeg}, automatically load for \# number of seconds. This makes it easier to see an image on the timeline. If you just want the single frames, uncheck this option.
\item[Auto start lv2 gui] some lv2 plugins display a \textit{glitzy} UI (User Interface); for example the Calf plugins. For these LV2 plugins, if you want that to automatically come up without having to click on the UI button on the simplified ui interface, this is the flag to enable that.
\item[Android Remote Control] check this to enable using an android device as a remote control for broradcast TV.
\item[Port] default port 23432 is used for the android remote control.
\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences};
-then in Preferences window, click on the \texttt{Appearance} tab. In the Editing section in the lower left hand corner, click on the \texttt{down arrow} next to Theme to see your choices. Click on your desired choice from the list given. Check \texttt{OK}, Cinelerra will automatically shutdown and restart.
+then in Preferences window, click on the \textit{Appearance} tab. In the Editing section in the lower left hand corner, click on the \textit{down arrow} next to Theme to see your choices. Click on your desired choice from the list given. Check OK, Cinelerra will automatically shutdown and restart.
\begin{description}
\item[Plugin Icons] here are currently 4 choices for different plugin icons to include the old original.
\subsection{Time Format section}%
\label{sub:time_format_section}
-Various representations of time are given so that you can select the most convenient one for you. The time representation can also be changed by \texttt{Ctrl-clicking} on the timebar in the main window.
+Various representations of time are given so that you can select the most convenient one for you. The time representation can also be changed by Ctrl-clicking on the timebar in the main window.
\begin{itemize}[noitemsep]
\item Hours : Minutes : Seconds : xxx
\label{sub:color_section}
\begin{description}
- \item[Highlighting Inversion color] modify the selection area color; default is \texttt{ffffff} which is white. When you make a selection, that area becomes an inverse image which by default becomes a whitish color. You can set it to a different color by modifying the hex value in the box next to \texttt{Highlight inversion color}. Keep in mind that if you set the value to a low value, you will not be able to see the outlined selected area (for example the hex value \texttt{f} is not readily visible and leads to confusion). A leading 0 or blank is not allowed and will be automatically changed to \texttt{ffffff}.
+ \item[Highlighting Inversion color] modify the selection area color; default is \textit{ffffff} which is white. When you make a selection, that area becomes an inverse image which by default becomes a whitish color. You can set it to a different color by modifying the hex value in the box next to \textit{Highlight inversion color}. Keep in mind that if you set the value to a low value, you will not be able to see the outlined selected area (for example the hex value "f" is not readily visible and leads to confusion). A leading 0 or blank is not allowed and will be automatically changed to \textit{ffffff}.
\item[YUV color space] default is \textit{BT601}; others \textit{BT709} (high definition), \textit{BT2020} (ultra high definition).
\item[YUV color range] JPEG [$0-255$] and MPEG [$16-235$]
\end{description}
\begin{description}
\item[Show tip of the day] if checked, a tip will be displayed in a popup box when start up Cinelerra.
\item[Autocolor assets] to make it visually easier to see your clips on the timeline that are from the same media file, you can have them automatically colored. Use of this feature requires additional memory and cpu on every timeline redraw, therefore smaller computers may not want this checked on.
- \item[ffmpeg probe warns rebuild indexes] this warning is very important for switching from using ffmpeg to using native formats, such as in the case of MPEG, so that you are reminded to \textit{rebuild indexes}. If you do not rebuild the indexes, seeking on the timeline back and forth could very well be problematic, meaning it might not go to the right place. Notification about rebuilding the indexes will appear by default as shown in the figure~\ref{fig:ff_probe} when you click on the FF icon in the main timeline in the upper right hand corner. Once you click on \texttt{Don’t show this warning again} you will no longer be warned and this flag will no longer be enabled.
+ \item[ffmpeg probe warns rebuild indexes] this warning is very important for switching from using ffmpeg to using native formats, such as in the case of MPEG, so that you are reminded to \textit{rebuild indexes}. If you do not rebuild the indexes, seeking on the timeline back and forth could very well be problematic, meaning it might not go to the right place. Notification about rebuilding the indexes will appear by default as shown in the figure~\ref{fig:ff_probe} when you click on the FF icon in the main timeline in the upper right hand corner. Once you click on \textit{Don’t show this warning again} you will no longer be warned and this flag will no longer be enabled.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/ff_probe.png}
\caption{Default warning when you click on FF icon in main window}
\item[Perpetual session] is very useful for working on a project over many days so you can just quit before
shutting down and the next time you start up Cinelerra you will be right back where you left off. You
will retain all of your undo's and redo's.
- \item[Clears before toggle] when using copy/paste in drag and drop mode some users prefer to resort to the addition of the \texttt{Ctrl} key for adding multiple selections. By checking this flag, the user retains usage as is commonly done for listbox operations.
+ \item[Clears before toggle] when using copy/paste in drag and drop mode some users prefer to resort to the addition of the Ctrl key for adding multiple selections. By checking this flag, the user retains usage as is commonly done for listbox operations.
\item[Timeline Rectify Audio] for displaying rectified audio on the timeline instead of a standard audio waveform, check this flag. The waveform is cut on the zero line, thus making the silent areas more visible and the waveform is stretched more over the entire height of the audio track, which improves the visibility of certain areas. This only affects the timeline and not any other audio waveform displays.
\end{description}
Environment variables are global variables in the shell which all applications can read. They are set with a command like \texttt{set VARIABLE=value} or \texttt{export VARIABLE=value}. Environment variables can be viewed with a command like \texttt{env}. The values set can be removed with \texttt{unset VARIABLE}.
-The following exported variables can be set to customize your environment. The \texttt{CIN\_CONFIG} variable could be extremely useful for testing purposes or for multiple users sharing the same home directory who would like different default preference settings.
+The following exported variables can be set to customize your environment. \\ The \texttt{CIN\_CONFIG} variable could be extremely useful for testing purposes or for multiple users sharing the same home directory who would like different default preference settings.
\begin{description}
\item[{\small CIN\_BROWSER}] name of browser to use by \textit{Shell Cmds} options
The max disk space needed is a little over $100GB$ for $50GB$ Double Layer (DL) media or $50GB$ for a single layer BD blu-ray. A standard SD of $4.7GB$ needs about $10GB$ disk space. You probably can get by with much less if the render for blu-ray is less than 25 hours of media. You will need twice as much disk space as the media holds to ensure you have sufficient space for working and copying.
-The most important thing you need to know about in order to get started is \textit{Format} and \textit{Scale} in the \textit{Create dvd or bd} window. Format settings shown in the \texttt{Set Format} window are set accordingly to an algorithm. Basically, it will take whatever you say in the asset format. It matches that against the known Presets available so that is what will be shown. If the asset format doesn't match any of the Presets default formats, then that will be shown as the \texttt{User Defined} format. In addition when you load media, the format is initially set to \texttt{same as source} so matches the source input and if that matches a known preset, then that is what is shown. The PAL versus NTSC only comes into play when there is no known correct matching format when you attempt to create a DVD Render batch job. It is applied when you click OK. For example, if you load up a YouTube video, it will not match any known format and will choose PAL or NTSC based on time zone.
+The most important thing you need to know about in order to get started is \textit{Format} and \textit{Scale} in the \textit{Create dvd or bd} window. Format settings shown in the \texttt{Set Format} window are set accordingly to an algorithm. Basically, it will take whatever you say in the asset format. It matches that against the known Presets available so that is what will be shown. If the asset format doesn't match any of the Presets default formats, then that will be shown as the \textit{User Defined} format. In addition when you load media, the format is initially set to \textit{same as source} so matches the source input and if that matches a known preset, then that is what is shown. The PAL versus NTSC only comes into play when there is no known correct matching format when you attempt to create a DVD Render batch job. It is applied when you click OK. For example, if you load up a YouTube video, it will not match any known format and will choose PAL or NTSC based on time zone.
-Figure~\ref{fig:preset01} shows pulldown \texttt{Presets} in \textit{Set Format} window:
+Figure~\ref{fig:preset01} shows pulldown \textit{Presets} in \textit{Set Format} window:
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
\item If not logged in as root, you will get an error message in order to avoid doing a lot of work and then failing out because root is required for automount and to write on DVD hardware.
\item Load your input source media via: \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Load files}.
\item Choose PAL or NTSC for SD/dvd or 1080P/24 for blu-ray in \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Format}.
- \item For blu-ray, choose BD Render or for PAL/NTSC, choose DVD \texttt{Render} in \textit{File} menu.
- \item Designate a \textit{work path} with sufficient disk space and then \texttt{Chk-OK}.
- \item When the Batch Render window comes up, click on \texttt{Start} and the batch jobs will run.
+ \item For blu-ray, choose BD Render or for PAL/NTSC, choose DVD \textit{Render} in \textit{File} menu.
+ \item Designate a \textit{work path} with sufficient disk space and then Chk-OK.
+ \item When the Batch Render window comes up, click on \textit{Start} and the batch jobs will run.
\item Read the final messages echoed to the screen to see the command for burning… OR:
\item Use the provided directory name to:\\
\texttt{cd /<target directory>bd\_(or dvd\_)<date-time>}
- \item Load your media, format if needed, note device name to substitute for \texttt{<bd>} or \texttt{<dvd>}
+ \item Load your media, format if needed, note device name to substitute for \textit{<bd>} or \textit{<dvd>}
\begin{itemize}
\item If rewritable blu-ray, use \\
\texttt{dd if=./bd.udfs of=/dev/<bd> bs=2048000}
A different and more complicated method you can use to turn off automount is to download and install the \textit{dconf-editor}. Automount is a system parameter and only needs to be done once unless you do not want automounts to always be disabled.
\begin{enumerate}
- \item run: \texttt{dconf-editor}
- \item select: org $\rightarrow$ gnome $\rightarrow$ desktop $\rightarrow$ applications $\rightarrow$ media-handling
- \item uncheck: automount
- \item close dconf-editor window
+ \item run: \textit{dconf-editor}
+ \item select: \texttt{org $\rightarrow$ gnome $\rightarrow$ desktop $\rightarrow$ applications $\rightarrow$ media-handling}
+ \item uncheck: \textit{automount}
+ \item close \textit{dconf-editor} window
\end{enumerate}
Immediately below are the detailed steps with explanations for creating SD or BD media.
\begin{itemize}
\item Select desired features, check/un-check as appropriate.
- \item Click \texttt{OK} check button. It is very important to realize that when you check OK, the EDL will be saved and that will be used for batch job rendering. If you bring up the Batch Render and then change some parameters, they will not take effect UNLESS you remember to either check \texttt{Save to EDL Path} or \texttt{Use Current EDL} in the Batch Render window. You will get a reminder automatically if \texttt{warn if jobs/session mismatched} is checked.
+ \item Click OK check button. It is very important to realize that when you check OK, the EDL will be saved and that will be used for batch job rendering. If you bring up the Batch Render and then change some parameters, they will not take effect UNLESS you remember to either check \textit{Save to EDL Path} or \textit{Use Current EDL} in the Batch Render window. You will get a reminder automatically if \textit{warn if jobs/session mismatched} is checked.
\end{itemize}
Explanation of the choice boxes as seen in figure~\ref{fig:bluray_dvd} for both SD and BD menus is given below. Many of them are plugins which allow you to further manipulate the settings for best results. They are just suggestions set by the program automatically based on your input media, and can be reset to suit your needs. These are listed in the next 4 points.
\item If the media does not match the DVD target geometry, and the scale plugin is not already in use, then the \textit{scale} plugin is applied with scaling set to fit the media dimensions to the DVD format target geometry.
\item If the video height is at least twice the DVD height and the input media is interlaced, then the \textit{deinterlace} plugin is applied with odd line sampling.
\item \textit{Audio 5.1} will automatically be set to the wide-audio if you have 6 tracks of audio.
- \item To allow video data to be accessible and overlay properly, the track buffers are \textit{resized} to the largest track frame size in use (\texttt{Resize Tracks}). The theory behind this is to make sure to have enough memory to cover the entire presentation for transcoding.
+ \item To allow video data to be accessible and overlay properly, the track buffers are \textit{resized} to the largest track frame size in use (\textit{Resize Tracks}). The theory behind this is to make sure to have enough memory to cover the entire presentation for transcoding.
\end{enumerate}
\noindent All of the current choice boxes are further defined immediately following.
\item[Aspect Ratio] aspect ratio may be automatically set to $4:3$ or $16:9$. Aspect ratio would better be defined as the size of the display, monitor, or TV which will be used to view the output. If you measure your old TV, which supposedly is $4:3$ and your latest digital TV, which is supposedly $16:9$, you will see that those ratios aren't always correct anyway. Then measure your laptop monitor, your desktop monitor, and your neighbor's, and lo and behold, the ratios don't fit either of the purported \textit{standard} aspect ratio. Maintaining square pixels via scaling is more important in the long run.
\item[Use FFMPEG] this is user's choice; it is recommended and faster but more difficult to modify due to numerous options. For blu-ray, ffmpeg must be used and is not an available option.
\item[Resize Tracks] change track width and height as explained previously. The size is adjusted to the largest frame size needed.
- \item[Chapters at Labels] without this checked, chapters markers are automatically inserted every 5 minutes. The chapter labels can then be \textit{skipped to} when playing the DVD. If instead, you want to put labels in at opportune times, you will have to run dvdauthor outside of Cinelerra and mark the chapter labels yourself by hand. In that case, you should checkbox \texttt{Chapters at Labels} so that the automatic 10-minute labels are not created. This checkbox is not currently available for blu-ray.
+ \item[Chapters at Labels] without this checked, chapters markers are automatically inserted every 5 minutes. The chapter labels can then be \textit{skipped to} when playing the DVD. If instead, you want to put labels in at opportune times, you will have to run dvdauthor outside of Cinelerra and mark the chapter labels yourself by hand. In that case, you should checkbox \textit{Chapters at Labels} so that the automatic 10-minute labels are not created. This checkbox is not currently available for blu-ray.
\end{description}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/dvd02.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/dvd02.png}
\caption{check Deinterlace; Histogram and Resize Tracks}
\label{fig:dvd02}
\end{figure}
The \texttt{Scale} parameter gives you a lot of flexibility. A default based on your input media is provided for you but possible choices are None, Scaled, Cropped, Filled, Horiz Edge, and Vert Edge. You will have the opportunity to manipulate the desired results in the \textit{Scale Ratio} window. Values for W (width), H (height), and X/Y coordinates are the number of pixels. For example, if video is $720\times432$, that is obviously 720 pixels by 432 pixels and this would be the values for Dst W and for Dst H. So if you have some media that is off center you can crop by changing the SRC Y value AND then change DST X/Y to non-zero. It will become the output origin. To see what it does, change them from $0.0$ to $400.0$ and you will see big changes in the compositor window.
-For example, if you have the Cropped choice for the Scale, you will want to manipulate the \textit{ScaleRatio} plugin (the magnifying glass on the main window video track) which brings up the Scale window. For cropped top instead of crop both top and bottom, modify the \texttt{Src Y}. As you change the Y scale, you will see the cropping take place in the Compositor.
+For example, if you have the Cropped choice for the Scale, you will want to manipulate the \textit{ScaleRatio} plugin (the magnifying glass on the main window video track) which brings up the Scale window. For cropped top instead of crop both top and bottom, modify the \textit{Src Y}. As you change the Y scale, you will see the cropping take place in the Compositor.
Scaling options are provided in order to preserve image aspect ratio. To determine which scaling option to use, it is important to correctly identify your source/destination video aspect ratios. Next is a short explanation of possible options.
\item[Vert Edge] this option preserves the Vertical edge.
\end{description}
-Horizontal and Vertical are duplicates or restatement of same functionality as Cropped or Filled but are provided as options to accommodate different ways of thinking. In any case, you can choose which outer edges of the image to crop by using the \texttt{Show Controls} of the Scale Ratio plugin. For example, you can ensure that no \textit{action} is lost by displaying the center of the screen only or making sure that any textual information on the bottom is not lost by cutting only the top off.
+Horizontal and Vertical are duplicates or restatement of same functionality as Cropped or Filled but are provided as options to accommodate different ways of thinking. In any case, you can choose which outer edges of the image to crop by using the \textit{Show Controls} of the Scale Ratio plugin. For example, you can ensure that no \textit{action} is lost by displaying the center of the screen only or making sure that any textual information on the bottom is not lost by cutting only the top off.
\textit{Step 3}: Batch render menu appears with \texttt{m2ts} format selected for blu-ray or \texttt{dvd} format selected for regular/standard DVD when File Format selected is ffmpeg in the previous \textit{Create DVD} menu. It will work just fine without selecting ffmpeg for DVD and may be advantageous not to. Using the audio/video wrench tools (you will have to have the video batch job highlighted to manipulate the video or audio batch job for audio).
\begin{itemize}
\item Setup the audio bitrate ($192000$ recommended). Data rate is $192K$ default.
\item Setup the video bitrate ($6000000 - 12000000$ recommended). $10Mb/sec$ is the current default.
- \item Click \texttt{OK} check button.
+ \item Click OK check button.
\end{itemize}
The default bitrate is the largest value possible. The actual \textit{target} bitrate is calculated based on a formula from the blu-ray/DVD code. It divides the media size (in bits) by the video time (in seconds) to find the bitrate that will \textit{just fit} on the target media. This could create a weird bitrate if the media is large, and the video time is small, so the default/target bitrate is limited to $10Mb/s$.Batch jobs are then built and appended to the job list. Once these batch jobs are built, if you make any changes, you have to start over. You will see listed the batch jobs that are created to perform the rendering/tasks -- 2 jobs for blu-ray, one for audio/video processing and one for the scripts. There will be 3 batch jobs created for DVD when not using ffmpeg to include one each for audio and video and then one more for the scripts. When you click on \texttt{start}, it fires off those jobs and you will see the rendering main window progress bar in the bottom corner reflecting the fact that it is currently processing. Be aware that the Cinelerra program will be totally shutdown AFTER the batch jobs finish. Screenshot below shows BD blu-ray creation with 2 batch jobs queued up and ready to go.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch01.png}
\caption{Batch render for DVD creation}
\label{fig:dvd-batch01}
\end{figure}
\label{fig:dvd-batch02}
\end{figure}
-When you click on \texttt{start}, it fires off those jobs and you will see the rendering main window progress bar in the bottom corner reflecting the fact that it is currently processing. Be aware that the Cinelerra program will be \textbf{totally shutdown after the batch jobs finish} and you will be at the command line prompt.
+When you click on \textit{start}, it fires off those jobs and you will see the rendering main window progress bar in the bottom corner reflecting the fact that it is currently processing. Be aware that the Cinelerra program will be \textbf{totally shutdown after the batch jobs finish} and you will be at the command line prompt.
This will produce a new directory in your target path which contains a filesystem image file.
For example: \\
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch03.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch03.png}
\caption{Video options for bluray yuv422p}
\label{fig:dvd-batch03}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch04.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch04.png}
\caption{Video options for bluray yuv422p10}
\label{fig:dvd-batch04}
\end{figure}
\section{Output Terminal Messages from Creating DVDs}%
\label{sec:output_terminal_messages_dvd}
-Below are examples of what the batch jobs generate and you will see on the terminal screen if you started the Cinelerra program in the recommended manner from a terminal window. It is just informational but will let you know if errors. In looking at any of the output, you can safely ignore the errors that read \texttt{Unsupported codec with id 100357 for input stream 0} -- this comes from \textit{nav-data} (navigation data). The first 2 examples are seen from running the batch jobs; the last 2 are from the single line execution which records the media output to the DVD hardware.
+Below are examples of what the batch jobs generate and you will see on the terminal screen if you started the Cinelerra program in the recommended manner from a terminal window. It is just informational but will let you know if errors. In looking at any of the output, you can safely ignore the errors that read \textit{Unsupported codec with id 100357 for input stream 0} -- this comes from \textit{nav-data} (navigation data). The first 2 examples are seen from running the batch jobs; the last 2 are from the single line execution which records the media output to the DVD hardware.
\subsubsection*{SD Example: Partial Output during Cinelerra run}
\label{ssub:sd_example_partial_output}
For DVD creation, \texttt{cd /workpath/dvd\_date-time} directory and look for similar files:
-\texttt{dvd.ac3 \quad dvd.jobs \quad dvd.m2v \quad dvd.mpg \quad dvd.sh \quad dvd.xml}
+\texttt{dvd.ac3 \quad dvd.jobs \quad dvd.m2v \quad dvd.mpg \quad dvd.sh \quad dvd.xml}\\
\texttt{iso} directory with VIDEO\_TS and AUDIO\_TS subdirectories of non-zero size.
Note that there will be no files in the actual AUDIO\_TS directory.
\item Did you have sufficient disk space for working/writing files? In the \textit{Create} window, the \textit{disk space} will be displayed in green if sufficient, but in red if less than what fits on the disc media.
\item Did you use \texttt{/tmp} as the work device, then rebooted the computer, which deleted files on \texttt{/tmp}?
\item If the input media is interlaced, did you check the Deinterlace option to eliminate interlacing?
- \item Did you change the output name in the \textit{Batch Render} window after the batch jobs were already created? These filenames have already been written to disk. If you want to change either the Title or the \texttt{Work\_path}, you have to start over.
+ \item Did you change the output name in the \textit{Batch Render} window after the batch jobs were already created? These filenames have already been written to disk. If you want to change either the Title or the \textit{Work\_path}, you have to start over.
\item Have you selected a Title in the Create window that is a directory that already exists? The program attempts to create that directory and will give you an error message if it exists.
\item Did you replace the \texttt{/dev/bd} or \texttt{/dev/dvd} on the command line with your hardware device name?
\item If a warning was issued in the Create BD/SD window of \textit{* non-standard format} and your bluray reader could not play the disc, did you change to a standard format instead?
\item Double carriage return indicates the end of a entry and helps to keep track of where you are.
\end{itemize}
\item The "\textit{=}" sign in column 1 indicates a comment seen in the script text to assist you in location.
- \item An “\textit{*}” at the beginning of the line is a comment and not a script line.
+ \item An "\textit{*}" at the beginning of the line is a comment and not a script line.
\item \textit{Whitespace} at either the beginning of a script line or the end will be removed.
\end{itemize}
Editing in the Line Text box can be used to change the active script line. By double clicking the timeline over the subtitle track, you can reselect the active script line. The subtitle text will be reloaded into the Line Text box and can be edited and re-pasted as the new active subtitle text. You can also highlight multiple lines in the Script Text box and paste them (using the usual window paste methodology) into the Line Text box. After pasting to the timeline, the Line Text box will be updated with the next script line. In addition, if you triple click a line in the \textit{Script Text} box, it will automatically become the current line in the \textit{Line Text} box.
-When you are finished, before clicking \texttt{Save}, you must supply a legitimate filename in the \textit{Path} box; your current directory will be used if only a filename but no directory path is supplied. The filename used will automatically have a “-” after it followed by the \textit{track label} and then \textit{udvd} extension added; any extension in the filename will be removed.. If you click \texttt{OK} before saving, the subtitle script position is saved with the session. This is convenient for continuing where you left off.
+When you are finished, before clicking \textit{Save}, you must supply a legitimate filename in the \textit{Path} box; your current directory will be used if only a filename but no directory path is supplied. The filename used will automatically have a "--" after it followed by the \textit{track label} and then \textit{udvd} extension added; any extension in the filename will be removed.. If you click OK before saving, the subtitle script position is saved with the session. This is convenient for continuing where you left off.
\noindent To reposition the script, use the slider or tumbler buttons:
\section{Dvd Interlaced Chroma}%
\label{sec:dvd_interlaced_chroma}
-Cinelerra uses $4:4:4$ colorspace to edit, so it is necessary to convert interlaced $4:2:0$ video to $4:4:4$.
+Cinelerra uses 4:4:4 colorspace to edit, so it is necessary to convert interlaced 4:2:0 video to 4:4:4.
But you can run into problems, referred to as the \textit{chroma bug}, which you see in DVD media displayed on higher resolution monitors -- streaks or spiky horizontal lines are visible in the chroma channel, especially on diagonal edges. The Chroma Bug is specific to MPEG and 4:2:0 encoding.
Now you can use the \textit{YUV420P DVD Interlace Mode} when rendering DV directly to mpeg2 through a yuv4mpeg stream and when using video effects on HDV video.
With this option enabled, improved chroma results will be obtained from your DV or HDV source.
Editing DV or HDV and rendering it back to the same format does not require any special handling.
-In order to perform colorspace conversions correctly in Cinelerra and avoid Chroma errors for interlaced $4:2:0$ video, check the box as follows:
+In order to perform colorspace conversions correctly in Cinelerra and avoid Chroma errors for interlaced 4:2:0 video, check the box as follows:
\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Performance $\rightarrow$ YUV420P DVD Interlace Mode}
This option maintains the interlacing in Chroma sample addressing, which ordinarily would be deleted
because the upsampling of interlaced chroma fields is normally done using a progressive algorithm.
With this mode enabled, the MPEG decoder uses a different algorithm for interlaced frames so that the
-$4:2:0$ format chroma interlacing is preserved.
+4:2:0 format chroma interlacing is preserved.
\section{MPEG utility programs}%
\label{sec:mpeg_utility_programs}
./zmpeg3cc2txt [-c cc_service ] [-s start:length, ...] [ -t track ] [-v verbose ] [-w wdw mask ] [-x file.xml ] [-o file.udvd ] file.ts
\end{lstlisting}
-\begin{tabular}{lcl}
+\begin{center}
+ \begin{tabular}{lcl}
cc\_service&=&closed caption service id\\
start:length&=&start:length frames (comma separated list)\\
file.ts&=&filename for transport stream\\
\end{tabular}
+\end{center}
To use this program, the input file must be a transport stream (broadcast video) which contains closed captioning services. The service id defaults to one, and the default video track is zero. Either \texttt{-o} or \texttt{-x} must be specified to indicate the output file format desired. If the output file name is a '-' then stdout is selected as the output file.
For example:
\section{HDV on a Blu-ray Disc Without Re-encoding}%
\label{sec:hdv_bd_without_reencoding}
-An MTS file is a video file saved in the high-definition (HD) MPEG Transport Stream video format, commonly called \textit{AVCHD}. It contains HD video compatible with Blu-ray disc format and is based on the MPEG-2 transport stream. MTS files are often used by Sony, Panasonic, Canon and other HD camcorders. Legal input for Video --- MPEG1VIDEO, MPEG2VIDEO, H264; Audio --- MP1, MP2, AC3, AC3PLUS, DTS, TRUHD.
+An MTS file is a video file saved in the high-definition (HD) MPEG Transport Stream video format, commonly called \textit{AVCHD}. It contains HD video compatible with Blu-ray disc format and is based on the MPEG-2 transport stream. MTS files are often used by Sony, Panasonic, Canon and other HD camcorders. Legal input for Video -- MPEG1VIDEO, MPEG2VIDEO, H264; Audio -- MP1, MP2, AC3, AC3PLUS, DTS, TRUHD.
For creating a blu-ray disc, if you have HDV MPEG-2 media that is in blu-ray format, you can save the original quality of your work, rather than rendering it to another format. Follow the steps below directly instead of going through Cinelerra. It has been tested on 10 different MTS files.
\section{Blu-ray Workaround for Mount/Umount}%
\label{sec:bluray_workaround_mount_umount}
-Creating BD images to be written to media requires usage of \textit{mount} and \textit{umount} which typically can only be done by the root user due to security. If you want to avoid running Cinelerra as root, you can implement a workaround by adding a line in \texttt{/etc/fstab} (must be root to edit the file initially) and by creating a directory in your home area, called \texttt{bluray}. You only have to do this once unless you upgrade the Operating System and it wipes out the line in \texttt{/etc/fsta}b. Now the Cinelerra program will automatically do the mount and umount for you each time you execute BD Render and you can run as an ordinary user.
+Creating BD images to be written to media requires usage of \textit{mount} and \textit{umount} which typically can only be done by the root user due to security. If you want to avoid running Cinelerra as root, you can implement a workaround by adding a line in \texttt{/etc/fstab} (must be root to edit the file initially) and by creating a directory in your home area, called \textit{bluray}. You only have to do this once unless you upgrade the Operating System and it wipes out the line in \texttt{/etc/fsta}b. Now the Cinelerra program will automatically do the mount and umount for you each time you execute BD Render and you can run as an ordinary user.
The line to add to \texttt{/etc/fstab} will look something like the following, assuming your username is \textit{name} and your groupid may be \textit{users} or \textit{name}. If you do an \texttt{ls -l} in your home directory, the $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ fields shown will be your uid or name and gid or groupid which you must substitute in the line below.
\item Create all of the \texttt{bd.m2ts} files that you want to put on the Bluray.
\item Using Cinelerra, design your Title page using a few seconds of video and the \textit{Title} plugin.
\item Use BD Create to render your short Title video.
- \item Next is the most complicated part which is to run \texttt{mkudffs} with a sufficient amount of disk space to hold all of the \texttt{bd.m2ts} files \textit{plus a little more!} To calculate this, you can record the sizes from having run BD Create mkudffs. This number is displayed on the terminal screen when using the command line interface each time and add them together. Or recalculate the size of each bd.m2ts using the formula below and adding them all together. This is the number of blocks used to make a bluray image space for bdwrite to use. For many files, this could require a huge amount of space, so check first.
+ \item Next is the most complicated part which is to run \texttt{mkudffs} with a sufficient amount of disk space to hold all of the \texttt{bd.m2ts} files \textit{plus a little more!} To calculate this, you can record the sizes from having run BD Create mkudffs. This number is displayed on the terminal screen when using the command line interface each time and add them together. Or recalculate the size of each \texttt{bd.m2ts} using the formula below and adding them all together. This is the number of blocks used to make a bluray image space for bdwrite to use. For many files, this could require a huge amount of space, so check first.
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash,numbers=none]
Total size = File0 size in bytes / 2048 + 4094 "+" File1 size in bytes / 2048 + 4094 "+" ...
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash,numbers=none]
<cin_path>/bin/bdwrite image /<path>menu_titles.m2ts --- /<path>/bd1.m2ts -- /<path>/bd2.m2ts -- /<path>/bd3.m2ts -- /<path>bd4.m2ts
\end{lstlisting}
- Note that the 3 dashes after the \texttt{menu\_titles.m2ts} lets the bluray player know to \textit{pause} after playing the few seconds video which contains the index to the rest of the files. The 2 dashes after each of the bd.m2ts signify \textit{stop}. That is when you will have to use your remote to \textit{Search Titles} in order to play the next one you want to see. In addition, if for some reason you just want to \textit{play all}, you will have to add another line to the Title menu as a choice and list all of the 4 files in a row at the end of your bdwrite line without any dashes in between.
+ Note that the 3 dashes after the \texttt{menu\_titles.m2ts} lets the bluray player know to \textit{pause} after playing the few seconds video which contains the index to the rest of the files. The 2 dashes after each of the \texttt{bd.m2ts} signify \textit{stop}. That is when you will have to use your remote to \textit{Search Titles} in order to play the next one you want to see. In addition, if for some reason you just want to \textit{play all}, you will have to add another line to the Title menu as a choice and list all of the 4 files in a row at the end of your bdwrite line without any dashes in between.
\item Umount the loopback disk.
\item Use your favorite \textit{dd} or \textit{growisofs} tool to write to a formatted bluray disc.
\end{enumerate}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/dvd03.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/dvd03.png}
\caption{Set Scale Ratio to Cropped}
\label{fig:dvd03}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/scaleratio.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{images/scaleratio.png}
\caption{Scale Ratio plugin}
\label{fig:scaleratio1}
\end{figure}
Left and right sides of the bottom portion show the Source and the Destination X, Y, W, H values. As you change the values on the left side, you can see how this will affect the output as you observe the results in the compositor window. For example, as you change the values for SrcY in a \textit{cropped} Scale scenario, you see up/down movement.
-Keep in mind that the monitor you are using is NOT the intended output display device --- your digital TV is, which most likely will have different looking aspect/pixels, etc.
+Keep in mind that the monitor you are using is NOT the intended output display device -- your digital TV is, which most likely will have different looking aspect/pixels, etc.
\begin{enumerate}[start=11]
\item In order to \textit{crop} the bottom of the video in order to preserve all of the image on the top, modify the Src Y value on the bottom of the left hand side in the Scale Ratio plugin. Src Y which was $21$ has now been changed to $-18$. You will see in the Compositor window how the bottom dark colored border is now gone so that none of the top portion which contains a person's head will be chopped off. Compare figure~\ref{fig:dvd04} to figure~\ref{fig:dvd03} and note the blue legs can be now seen to the waist.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/dvd04.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/dvd04.png}
\caption{Better scale on compositor}
\label{fig:dvd04}
\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}[start=12]
- \item Click the \texttt{Apply} box in the Scale Ratio window.
- \item Click the \texttt{Save to EDL Path} in the \textit{Batch Render} window for creating a DVD. If you do NOT do this, you will get a Warning box as seen in figure~\ref{fig:dvd-batch05}, to remind you to Save because you have changed the EDL by modifying the scaling parameters in the Scale Ratio window.
+ \item Click the \textit{Apply} box in the Scale Ratio window.
+ \item Click the \textit{Save to EDL Path} in the \textit{Batch Render} window for creating a DVD. If you do NOT do this, you will get a Warning box as seen in figure~\ref{fig:dvd-batch05}, to remind you to Save because you have changed the EDL by modifying the scaling parameters in the Scale Ratio window.
\end{enumerate}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch05.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/dvd-batch05.png}
\caption{Error in Batch Render}
\label{fig:dvd-batch05}
\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}[start=13]
- \item Next, make sure you have the Timeline set in the Main window at the beginning of where you want to start rendering. Also, make sure the first line in the \textit{Batches to render} section is highlighted as you can see above by the blue highlighting. Click on the \texttt{Start} box in the Batch Render window and you will see the video playing in the Compositor window.
+ \item Next, make sure you have the Timeline set in the Main window at the beginning of where you want to start rendering. Also, make sure the first line in the \textit{Batches to render} section is highlighted as you can see above by the blue highlighting. Click on the \textit{Start} box in the Batch Render window and you will see the video playing in the Compositor window.
\item Cinelerra program will be stopped when done rendering; you will be at the terminal prompt where you will see it has printed out some informational messages (or errors if problems), the last 2 are:
\begin{lstlisting}[language=bash,numbers=none]
To burn dvd, load blank media and run:
growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd -dvd-video /mnt0/dvd_20161027-131723/iso
\end{lstlisting}
- \item Load a blank or rewritable DVD into your DVD writer device, which will be similar to \texttt{/dev/dvd} as in the \textit{growisofs} line above --- something like \texttt{/dev/sr0} on your computer.
+ \item Load a blank or rewritable DVD into your DVD writer device, which will be similar to \texttt{/dev/dvd} as in the \textit{growisofs} line above -- something like \texttt{/dev/sr0} on your computer.
\item Keyin the \textit{growisofs} line, substituting your actual writer device name. Again, you must be root.
\item When back at the terminal prompt, and if there are no errors, keyin \texttt{eject /dev/dvd} substituting.
\item Play it on your DVD player connected up to your Digital TV screen.
# (Note instead of Administration, some versions of Mint GUI UpdateManager might be System)
# For Mint18,add: deb [trusted=yes] https://cinelerra-gg.org/download/pkgs/mint18 xenial main
# For Mint19,add: deb [trusted=yes] https://cinelerra-gg.org/download/pkgs/mint19 bionic main
-# IMPORTANT NOTE: if you get an error when doing the above, you will have to manually add the above line
-# by editing the file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list
+# IMPORTANT NOTE: if you get "malformed input" error, you will have to create a file
+# by typing the command: sudo touch /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list
+# then wait 10 minutes or so and try using the Gui Update Manager again.
apt update
apt install cin
#to update a previous install
Use the Mixer Viewer to see multiple media playing simultaneously in re-sizable mini-viewers. This can be used in various ways and is useful to edit videos shot by multiple cameras from different viewpoints that were simultaneously recorded in order to create a single good video. Everything will have to be initially synced so you can decide which one of the camera angles is best suited at any time.
-The number of cameras/mixers you can have is generally limited to the available resources on your computer. Currently, the number of File Descriptors available in the OS limits cameras to about 50. If you have many \textit{mixer viewers} you will probably want to use proxy mode whenever possible. Also, in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Playback A} tab \textit{Video Out} section, uncheck \texttt{play every frame} and choosing a Video Driver of \texttt{X11} with \texttt{use direct X11 render if possible} checked, will provide better performance.
+The number of cameras/mixers you can have is generally limited to the available resources on your computer. Currently, the number of File Descriptors available in the OS limits cameras to about 50. If you have many \textit{mixer viewers} you will probably want to use proxy mode whenever possible. Also, in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Playback A} tab \textit{Video Out} section, uncheck \textit{play every frame} and choosing a Video Driver of \textit{X11} with \textit{use direct X11 render if possible} checked, will provide better performance.
Figure~\ref{fig:multicam01} shows 9 media sources in the left corner, the composed video in the right corner, the timeline with the top video track with pieces of the 9 overwrites, and the choice in Resources of Mixed.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/multicam01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/multicam01.png}
\caption{Using Mixer capability in Cin for multiple cameras}
\label{fig:multicam01}
\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}
\item This method assumes all of your media or cameras are aligned the way you want them already.
- \item From the \textit{File} pulldown, create a \texttt{New project} with the desired format for Audio and Video output (or you can just use the default).
+ \item From the \textit{File} pulldown, create a \textit{New project} with the desired format for Audio and Video output (or you can just use the default).
\item \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Load} the media files you want to work with using \textit{Create new resources only}.
\item In the Resources window, with the Media folder, highlight the list of media you want to \textit{Mix}. This is done using a ctrl or shift mouse button press as you would in a standard listbox selection.
- \item Right click the mouse on the media selection and choose \texttt{open mixers}. This opens multiple mixer viewer windows, one for each media item that was highlighted. You can
+ \item Right click the mouse on the media selection and choose \textit{open mixers}. This opens multiple mixer viewer windows, one for each media item that was highlighted. You can
do them 1 at a time instead. This also adds the source media tracks to the main window.
\item Now use the timeline to play and you will see all viewers/cameras playing. Stop when you get to the
end of the \textit{good} camera playback.
\item Only middle mouse drag handle operations should be used normally.
\item Other drags will displace the media source/destination timeline correspondence.
\item To re-tile the mixer windows after you have resized and moved them around, you can use the Window
- pulldown of \texttt{Tile mixers} or the shortcut of \texttt{Alt-t}.
+ pulldown of \textit{Tile mixers} or the shortcut of Alt-t.
\end{itemize}
\subsubsection*{But, I want to use only the first set of audio tracks\dots}%
\begin{enumerate}
\item Setup the session \texttt{settings $\rightarrow$ format}, width, height, frame rate, color model, aspect ratio.
- \item Create dst tracks using the a/v track pulldowns (or use shortcuts \texttt{‘t’} / \texttt{‘T’}), armed and playable.
+ \item Create dst tracks using the a/v track pulldowns (or use shortcuts "t" / "T"), armed and playable.
\item Append src tracks using \texttt{file $\rightarrow$ open $\rightarrow$ append tracks}, or the resource window using pasting.
\item Using the track patchbay, disarm editing and disable playback of the audio/video src tracks.
\item Using the track patchbay, mark the new tracks as \textit{mixer} source to be added to the viewer.
- \item Create a mixer viewer using the main menu pulldown, or the shift "\texttt{M}” shortcut.
+ \item Create a mixer viewer using the main menu pulldown, or the shift "M” shortcut.
\item Repeat steps $3-6$ for each mixer viewer needed for the session editing.
\end{enumerate}
The best way to use proxy with your multiple cameras is to follow the steps below:
\begin{enumerate}
- \item Load media with insertion strategy of \texttt{create resources only}.
+ \item Load media with insertion strategy of \textit{create resources only}.
\item Highlight the media in the Resources window and right click on this to choose \textit{open mixers}.
- \item Use the \textit{Settings} pulldown and choose \texttt{Proxy settings\dots} to bring up the proxy menu.
- \item Choose the size and other options you want and click the checkmark \texttt{OK}. If you choose the option \texttt{Beep when done} you will hear a short beep if all media is already proxied or a longer beep when all proxies have been created.
- \item When your editing is complete, use \textit{Settings} pulldown and proxy to \texttt{original size}.
+ \item Use the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Proxy settings}\dots to bring up the proxy menu.
+ \item Choose the size and other options you want and click the checkmark OK. If you choose the option \textit{Beep when done} you will hear a short beep if all media is already proxied or a longer beep when all proxies have been created.
+ \item When your editing is complete, use \textit{Settings} pulldown and proxy to \textit{original size}.
\end{enumerate}
Instead of Open Mixers, you can Insert Mixers with new tracks at the timeline insertion point.
Multi-camera footage of a single event can have various shots starting and ending at different times. So when the footage start times are different, you can use the mixer audio to synchronize the clips on the timeline. The program algorithm attempts to find and align automatically the waveforms of the media.
-Synchronizing multiple camera videos based on audio tracks can be done with Cinelerra-GG easily enough with the Window pulldown Mixers… → Align mixers option. Align mixers brings up a window displaying your mixers, the currently selected Master Track, and a list of all of the Audio Tracks (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align01}). There is a limit of 32 audio tracks per each mixer (that should be enough!)
+Synchronizing multiple camera videos based on audio tracks can be done with Cinelerra-GG easily enough with the \texttt{Window $\rightarrow$ Mixers$\dots$ $\rightarrow$ Align mixers} option. Align mixers brings up a window displaying your mixers, the currently selected Master Track, and a list of all of the Audio Tracks (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align01}). There is a limit of 32 audio tracks per each mixer (that should be enough!)
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
\label{fig:mixer-align01}
\end{figure}
-Two different methods of aligning the audio for mixers are available. They are most easily referred to by the button that is pressed --- \texttt{Match} and \texttt{Match All}. There are also 2 methods of activating the alignment --- \texttt{Apply} and \texttt{Move}.
+Two different methods of aligning the audio for mixers are available. They are most easily referred to by the button that is pressed -- \textit{Match} and \textit{Match All}. There are also 2 methods of activating the alignment -- \textit{Apply} and \textit{Move}.
\textit{Match} consists usually of the next set of steps to take advantage of this feature:
\item Right mouse button on one of the media and click on Open Mixers; all mixer windows come up.
\item Provide a small target audio pattern on the Master Track for syncing by marking with the In/Out points ([ and ]).
\item Make a selection on the timeline in which to look for the pattern. Left mouse click, then drag select and highlight a search time domain.
- \item Use the Window pulldown, \texttt{Mixers\dots $\rightarrow$ Align mixers} to bring up its dialog window.
- \item Highlight in the first listbox, the Mixer number you want to align. Click on \texttt{Match}. This will take a few seconds so watch the rendering time percentage on the lower right hand side zoom panel. The buttons will be ghosted out until finished. Now note the changed values in the Audio Tracks listbox.
- \item If you are satisfied with the calculated Nudge values -- that is they are very close to $1.0$ -- in the Audio Tracks listbox and the audio track selected as the Master Track in the Master Track listbox, hit the \texttt{Apply} button.
+ \item Use the \texttt{Window $\rightarrow$ Mixers$\dots$ $\rightarrow$ Align mixers} to bring up its dialog window.
+ \item Highlight in the first listbox, the Mixer number you want to align. Click on \textit{Match}. This will take a few seconds so watch the rendering time percentage on the lower right hand side zoom panel. The buttons will be ghosted out until finished. Now note the changed values in the Audio Tracks listbox.
+ \item If you are satisfied with the calculated Nudge values -- that is they are very close to $1.0$ -- in the Audio Tracks listbox and the audio track selected as the Master Track in the Master Track listbox, hit the \textit{Apply} button.
\item If you plan on performing more alignment tasks, click on Checkpoint so you can go back to a previous step in case you make a mistake.
- \item Last, click on the \texttt{OK green} checkmark or to cancel click on the \texttt{red X}. Or just close the gui.
+ \item Last, click on the OK green checkmark or to cancel click on the red X. Or just close the gui.
\end{enumerate}
\paragraph{Reset} is used to start over with the current session data, not an undo. This means you can use the match repeatedly to refine alignments. All of the Audio Tracks listbox values will be reset.
\paragraph{Checkpoint} provides a method to create checkpoints that save the current state. This is especially helpful while learning or doing more complicated operations where you might make a mistake or do not like the results and need to get back to a previous state.
-\paragraph{Undo} is used to put the media back to a previous state on the timeline. If you choose \textit{start over} the session will reload with the original, before any changes were applied. You can also go back to any of your previous checkpoints that you created earlier which are listed there, such as \texttt{chkpt 1}.
+\paragraph{Undo} is used to put the media back to a previous state on the timeline. If you choose \textit{start over} the session will reload with the original, before any changes were applied. You can also go back to any of your previous checkpoints that you created earlier which are listed there, such as \textit{chkpt 1}.
\paragraph{Match All}is used when you have several mixers, instead of only picking 1 to match, it picks the best match for EACH of the mixer tracks based on a single master track. So when you hit Apply, each track might move differently. You do not set In/Out points but you have to make a selection within which to match.
\paragraph{Apply} button will apply the nudges that were generated during the Match or Match All execution (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align02}).
-\paragraph{Move} is very handy when you are using mixers, if you have an edit somewhere that you need to fix specifically without moving any of the other track pieces. In this case you have to select a section (like you do a group, but do not make a group), generate a match, and then you can just \textit{Move} that set only - everything else stays where it is at its current location (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align03}).
+\paragraph{Move} is very handy when you are using mixers, if you have an edit somewhere that you need to fix specifically without moving any of the other track pieces. In this case you have to select a section (like you do a group, but do not make a group), generate a match, and then you can just \textit{Move} that set only -- everything else stays where it is at its current location (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align03}).
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
The corresponding input position is determined by track input correlation.
-The letter \textit{R} in the Audio Tracks listbox represents the correlation value. "R=1.0" designates that if both the pattern and the matching section were in the highlighted area, they are completely correlated -- this is a good self-test to check.
+The letter "R" in the Audio Tracks listbox represents the correlation value. $R=1.0$ designates that if both the pattern and the matching section were in the highlighted area, they are completely correlated -- this is a good self-test to check.
$Nudge=0.0$ means just that.
-The header \textit{pos} stands for the timeline position. When the \texttt{Apply} button is pressed, only the Mixers listbox is relevant at that time.
+The header \textit{pos} stands for the timeline position. When the \textit{Apply} button is pressed, only the Mixers listbox is relevant at that time.
The Mixer with the master track generally does not move, everything else will be lined up (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-align04}).
\item Highlight the Mixer to use in the Mixer listbox.
\item Highlight the Master Track you want to use in the Master Track listbox.
\item On the timeline, mark your selection on the Master Track.
- \item Click on the \texttt{Match All} button.
- \item Note the nudge values to see if they make sense, and if so, press \texttt{Apply}.
+ \item Click on the \textit{Match All} button.
+ \item Note the nudge values to see if they make sense, and if so, press \textit{Apply}.
\end{enumerate}
\textit{Match} option basic steps (just for comparison with Match All):
\item Set the In/Out points [ ] of the target.
\item On the timeline, mark your selection.
\item Click on the \texttt{Match} button.
- \item Note the nudge values to see if they make sense, then press \texttt{Apply} (or \texttt{Move} when doing a group).
+ \item Note the nudge values to see if they make sense, then press \textit{Apply} (or \textit{Move} when doing a group).
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{Recover Mixer Windows}%
\label{sub:recover_mixer_windows}
-\begin{wrapfigure}[18]{O}{1em + 0.3\textwidth}
- \vspace{-6ex}
+\begin{wrapfigure}[16]{O}{1em + 0.3\textwidth}
+ \vspace{-1ex}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{images/mixer-patchbay01.png}
\caption{Mixer patchbay}
It is a hazard that you might accidentally \textit{undo} (\texttt{z}) too far and lose your mixer windows. Here are the steps to recover. It is recommended that you make a backup of your project before performing the recovery steps just in case there are other problems.
-In the patchbay box to the left of the main timeline, there is a right pointing arrow on the right side. This is called the \textit{Expander} (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-patchbay01}). When you click on each expander, another line appears below that expander arrow and the timeline track height is slightly increased. If you \texttt{Shift-click} on a single expander, the patchbay will expand for all of the tracks.
+In the patchbay box to the left of the main timeline, there is a right pointing arrow on the right side. This is called the \textit{Expander} (figure~\ref{fig:mixer-patchbay01}). When you click on each expander, another line appears below that expander arrow and the timeline track height is slightly increased. If you Shift-click on a single expander, the patchbay will expand for all of the tracks.
\begin{enumerate}
- \item Expand all of the patchbay lines, either one by one, or Shift-click on one to do them all. This is so you can see the \textit{mixer} right pointing arrow on the second expanded line.
- \item Use the Window pulldown and choose \textit{Mixer Viewer} to bring up a new mixer window. Now you will be making an association between the mixer viewer and the track’s video.
+ \item Expand all of the patchbay lines, either one by one, or Shift-click on one to do them all. This is so you can see the \textit{mixer} right pointing arrow on the second expanded line.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{enumerate}[resume]
+ \item Use the Window pulldown and choose \textit{Mixer Viewer} to bring up a new mixer window. Now you will be making an association between the mixer viewer and the track’s video.
\item Click on the new mixer window to make sure it is highlighted with a white border. This designates it as the \textit{in use} mixer viewer.
- \item Set your play to the beginning of the video using the \texttt{Home} key or \texttt{Home} transport button.
+ \item Set your play to the beginning of the video using the \textit{Home} key or \textit{Home} transport button.
\item In the patchbay for a video track click on the \textit{mixer} arrow on the expanded $2^{nd}$ line which is a right facing arrow. Now the arrow will point up. If there are audio tracks with that video, click on each of its audio tracks \textit{mixer} arrow until they point up also.
\item Next move your insertion pointer on the timeline where there is video. Some of the time this just helps so that the new mixer viewer window gets redrawn and you can see that the images appear; but the image may not appear until the program does a redraw later. Now the mixer viewer should be
correctly associated. Note if you have large video, give it some time to update. You may have to click on the mixer viewer window if the image does not show. You can always start over with that mixer if you encountered any problems.
\section{Multi-Pane Support}%
\label{sec:multipane_support}
-The main Cinelerra edit window holds the Track Canvas which can be divided into 4 panes of track data: 1 or 2 vertical panes and/or 1 or 2 horizontal panes. To split the track, use the Window pulldown, and then click on \texttt{Split X} or \texttt{Split Y} depending on how you wish to split the track. Alternatively, the canvas pane types can be changed using keys \texttt{<Ctrl-1>} for toggle split horizontal or \texttt{<Ctrl-2>} for toggle split vertical. Or the track can be split into panes by using the \texttt{+ widget} in the lower right hand corner of the track canvas. Once the track has been divided, you can use the + widget shortcut or the drag bars to change the size of the panes.
+The main Cinelerra edit window holds the Track Canvas which can be divided into 4 panes of track data: 1 or 2 vertical panes and/or 1 or 2 horizontal panes. To split the track, use the Window pulldown, and then click on \textit{Split X} or \textit{Split Y} depending on how you wish to split the track. Alternatively, the canvas pane types can be changed using keys \textit{<Ctrl-1>} for toggle split horizontal or \textit{<Ctrl-2>} for toggle split vertical. Or the track can be split into panes by using the \textit{+ widget} in the lower right hand corner of the track canvas. Once the track has been divided, you can use the + widget shortcut or the drag bars to change the size of the panes.
-Multi-Pane, or split screen, allows you to look at the first part of a movie at the same time as a part that is a long ways away on the timeline which would have been off the screen. By having multiple panes, you can see the 2 parts you want to look at simultaneously and drag/drop easily between the 2. Also, the \textit{X pane split} is extremely convenient for laptop users and computer monitors with small screens since it can be used with horizontal scrolling with the \texttt{mouse wheel + Ctrl}. The \textit{Y-pane split} makes it easy to see 2 simultaneous drag and drop zones when you have lots of tracks (figure~\ref{fig:multi-pane01}).
+Multi-Pane, or split screen, allows you to look at the first part of a movie at the same time as a part that is a long ways away on the timeline which would have been off the screen. By having multiple panes, you can see the 2 parts you want to look at simultaneously and drag/drop easily between the 2. Also, the \textit{X pane split} is extremely convenient for laptop users and computer monitors with small screens since it can be used with horizontal scrolling with the mouse wheel + Ctrl. The \textit{Y-pane split} makes it easy to see 2 simultaneous drag and drop zones when you have lots of tracks (figure~\ref{fig:multi-pane01}).
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/multi-pane01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/multi-pane01.png}
\caption{Shown are 4 panes that have split the main track canvas for some editing scenarios}
\label{fig:multi-pane01}
\end{figure}
Cinelerra-GG supports 2 separate preferences for the playback configuration. Cinelerra can be operated in a single or dual screen configuration, both by using Xinerama or dual screen configuration of X windows. It will take some setup using Xconfig to make this work.
-The \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} menu has \textit{Playback A and Playback B} tabs. The target display and audio device configuration can be separate, to support up to 2 display and/or audio device stations. The active configuration displays an asterisk (*) in its selection tab and the selected tab will be made active when \texttt{OK} is pressed. For example: you may have a dual screen monitor system with the left screen showing the Cinelerra main window and the right screen showing the composer. Another setup might use a monitor for the left screen and an HDTV as the right screen displaying the composer. When a playback configuration is selected, the audio/video device configuration is switched to the playback selection. The active playback setup can be changed through use of the menu pulldown of \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} or via the remote control menu selection (see the section Remote Control for DVB for more detail).
+The \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} menu has \textit{Playback A and Playback B} tabs. The target display and audio device configuration can be separate, to support up to 2 display and/or audio device stations. The active configuration displays an asterisk (*) in its selection tab and the selected tab will be made active when OK is pressed. For example: you may have a dual screen monitor system with the left screen showing the Cinelerra main window and the right screen showing the composer. Another setup might use a monitor for the left screen and an HDTV as the right screen displaying the composer. When a playback configuration is selected, the audio/video device configuration is switched to the playback selection. The active playback setup can be changed through use of the menu pulldown of \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} or via the remote control menu selection (see the section Remote Control for DVB for more detail).
\subsubsection*{Yes, you can watch TV on Cinelerra instead of Cinelerra on TV.}%
\label{ssub:watch_tv_on_cinelerra}
-Figure~\ref{fig:multi-screen01} shows partial window of \textit{*Playback A} selected and the second tab for \textit{Playback B}. Note that on the bottom right of the window, \texttt{Default B Display:} is set to $:0.1$, representing the setting for Screen 1. On the unseen \textit{Playback A} window, the \texttt{Default A Display:} will be set to $:0.0$ meaning for Screen 0. Otherwise, the default would be nothing there or just <empty>.
+Figure~\ref{fig:multi-screen01} shows partial window of \textit{*Playback A} selected and the second tab for \textit{Playback B}. Note that on the bottom right of the window, \textit{Default B Display:} is set to $:0.1$, representing the setting for Screen 1. On the unseen \textit{Playback A} window, the \textit{Default A Display:} will be set to $:0.0$ meaning for Screen 0. Otherwise, the default would be nothing there or just <empty>.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/multi-screen01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/multi-screen01.png}
\caption{Multi-screen Playback example useful for watching Cinelerra run on the \textit{big screen}}
\label{fig:multi-screen01}
\end{figure}
\section{Multi-Session}%
\label{sec:multi_session}
-You can run as many sessions of Cinelerra as your computer resources allow. However, if you are using the same \texttt{\$HOME/.bcast5}, changes you make for one may impact the others. You can always create and rename a new .bcast5 from:
-\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Interface $\rightarrow$ Index files: $\rightarrow$ Index files go here:}
+You can run as many sessions of Cinelerra as your computer resources allow. However, if you are using the same \texttt{\$HOME/.bcast5}, changes you make for one may impact the others. You can always create and rename a new \texttt{.bcast5} from:\\
+\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Interface $\rightarrow$ Index files:} and press \textit{Index files go here}
\section{Multi-Viewer Window Support}%
\label{sec:multi_viewer_window_support}
-You can create as many Viewer windows as you want in Cinelerra. These are handy for users who are adept at working with a lot of different clips simultaneously. By bringing up multiple Viewer windows, each clip can be edited in its own area, making it easy to see all of the separate pieces. After you have loaded some media files, to start another Viewer window, right click on one of the pieces of media in the Resources window. This brings up a menu of several options, one of which is \texttt{view in new window}. Choose this option and that media will come up in a new Viewer window for you to work (figure~\ref{fig:multi-view01}).
+You can create as many Viewer windows as you want in Cinelerra. These are handy for users who are adept at working with a lot of different clips simultaneously. By bringing up multiple Viewer windows, each clip can be edited in its own area, making it easy to see all of the separate pieces. After you have loaded some media files, to start another Viewer window, right click on one of the pieces of media in the Resources window. This brings up a menu of several options, one of which is \textit{view in new window}. Choose this option and that media will come up in a new Viewer window for you to work (figure~\ref{fig:multi-view01}).
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/multi-view01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/multi-view01.png}
\caption{Shown here are 3 Viewer windows and the \textit{View in new window} popup}
\label{fig:multi-view01}
\end{figure}
\end{tabular}
\vspace{2ex}
-The media file will be written using the format and codec specified in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording tab}, which you will need to set up first. See the \hyperref[sec:recording]{Settings/Preferences} section for parameters. Only ffmpeg can record both audio and video simultaneously, and some ffmpeg formats require too much cpu to do a realtime compression. A setting which is more likely to be usable (requires less cpu/memory for realtime encoding) is \texttt{ffmpeg /qt/mp4.qt} with bitrates like $audio/256000$ \& $video/6000000$.
+The media file will be written using the format and codec specified in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording tab}, which you will need to set up first. See the \hyperref[sec:recording]{Settings/Preferences} section for parameters. Only ffmpeg can record both audio and video simultaneously, and some ffmpeg formats require too much cpu to do a realtime compression. A setting which is more likely to be usable (requires less cpu/memory for realtime encoding) is \texttt{ffmpeg $\rightarrow$ qt $\rightarrow$ mp4.qt} with bitrates like $audio/256000$ \& $video/6000000$.
\section{Record Web Media in real-time}%
\label{sec:record_web_media_rt}
Below describes the necessary steps for recording freely available media from the internet for your own personal use. You have to be on a system using pulseaudio, such as ubuntu, fedora, centos.
\begin{enumerate}
- \item Start Cinelerra and select \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} From a terminal (with a wide text window) run: \texttt{pactl list}. You will see all of the audio sources and sinks on your system. Identify the source associated with the normal output your system uses. Example: \texttt{Source $\#1$}. Locate the source which monitors your normal audio output. For example: \texttt{front stereo}.
- \item Choose a \textit{File Format} and \textit{File Type} (for example: \texttt{FFMPEG \& qt}).
+ \item Start Cinelerra and select \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} From a terminal (with a wide text window) run: \texttt{pactl list}. You will see all of the audio sources and sinks on your system. Identify the source associated with the normal output your system uses. Example: \textit{Source $\#1$}. Locate the source which monitors your normal audio output. For example: \textit{front stereo}.
+ \item Choose a File Format and File Type (for example: FFMPEG \& qt).
\begin{itemize}
- \item Check \texttt{Record audio tracks}.
+ \item Check \textit{Record audio tracks}.
Click \texttt{Audio wrench} tool:
\begin{itemize}
- \item Select \texttt{mp4}, for example.
- \item Set \texttt{Bitrate} ($256000$ is a reasonable number).
+ \item Select \textit{mp4}, for example.
+ \item Set \textit{Bitrate} ($256000$ is a reasonable number).
\end{itemize}
- \item Check \texttt{Record video tracks}.
- \item Click \texttt{Video wrench} tool:
+ \item Check \textit{Record video tracks}.
+ \item Click \textit{Video wrench} tool:
\begin{itemize}
- \item Select \texttt{mp4} video, for example.
+ \item Select \textit{mp4} video, for example.
\item Set \texttt{Bitrate} $1000000 - 4000000$ (bigger=better, but more cpu)
\end{itemize}
\item Select \texttt{Audio In $\rightarrow$ Record Driver: ALSA} (or whatever you have instead)
\begin{itemize}
- \item Set the \texttt{Bits}: \texttt{16 Bit Linear} (probably, because reasonable and fast)
- \item Select \texttt{Device}: the source from above \texttt{pactl} list search, for example Source $\#1$
+ \item Set the \textit{Bits}: \textit{16 Bit Linear} (probably, because reasonable and fast)
+ \item Select \textit{Device}: the source from above \textit{pactl} list search, for example Source $\#1$
\item Samples read from device: aprox dev buffer size ($2k-16k$ probably)
\item Samples to write to disk: $131072$ (a good size)
\item Sample rate for recording: $44100$ (will automatically change)
\end{itemize}
\item Select \texttt{Video In $\rightarrow$ Record Driver}: \texttt{Screencapture}
\begin{itemize}
- \item Set the \texttt{Display}: leave blank (probably) or use "$:0.0$" (default screen/display)
+ \item Set the \textit{Display}: leave blank (probably) or use "$:0.0$" (default screen/display)
\item Frames to record to disk at a time: $30$ (a good number)
\item Frames to buffer in device: $(2-6)$ (probably)
\item Positioning: \texttt{Software Timing} (important)
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/recording01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/recording01.png}
\caption{Recording window with tipical settings}
\label{fig:recording01}
\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}[start=3]
- \item Make sure the Compositor window is up since you will want to see the captured media later. From the main window press (lower case \texttt{r}) (move windows and resize if needed) Using the mouse pointer, mouse over the \textit{Video In} Recording monitor display. Press and hold the left mouse button and drag the display until the desired target screen capture area is properly positioned inside the record monitor \textit{Video In} display. At first this may seem confusing, but keep in mind that what you are actually doing is positioning the portion of your monitor display you want to capture over the \textit{Video In} window.
+ \item Make sure the Compositor window is up since you will want to see the captured media later. From the main window press (lower case "r") (move windows and resize if needed) Using the mouse pointer, mouse over the \textit{Video In} Recording monitor display. Press and hold the left mouse button and drag the display until the desired target screen capture area is properly positioned inside the record monitor \textit{Video In} display. At first this may seem confusing, but keep in mind that what you are actually doing is positioning the portion of your monitor display you want to capture over the \textit{Video In} window.
\item From the \textit{Recording window} select a Path file name for the recording.
\item Select mode untimed.
\item Make sure the \textit{monitor audio} is unchecked else audio becomes looped and is very loud.
- \item Press Transport \texttt{start recording} (red circle button).
+ \item Press Transport \textit{start recording} (red circle button).
\item Operate the playback of the media source, i.e. start playing the web video.
\item When the media ends, stop on the playback application.
- \item Press Transport \texttt{stop recording} button (white square button).
- \item Before clicking \texttt{chk-Ok}, be sure to set the \textit{Insertion Strategy}.
- \item Press \texttt{chk-Ok} to review the capture, or \texttt{X} to cancel/dismiss application.
+ \item Press Transport \textit{stop recording} button (white square button).
+ \item Before clicking chk-Ok, be sure to set the \textit{Insertion Strategy}.
+ \item Press chk-Ok to review the capture, or "X" to cancel/dismiss application.
\end{enumerate}
Two things are happening during recording, the data is being written, and it is being rendered. When recording, if video and audio are not in sync, it will usually be video behind audio as opposed to the other way around because video is more difficult to decode. During recording, video frame and audio sample positions are checked and efforts to maintain synchronization are used. Below is an explanation for some of the less obvious settings for recording as shown in the previous screenshot.
\paragraph{Frames dropped} more input than cpu(s) can process. This is the number of frames dropped when the system is too slow to keep up with the video. This value serves as a warning that it is behind and is dropping frames to keep up. You might want to consider stopping to make some parameter adjustments and start over to reduce drops.
-\paragraph{Frames behind} active input buffers. This is the number of frames that the video is behind and it will drop frames to get caught up. \textit{Frames behind} depends on the synchronization source, for example, time as the synchronization. This means that frames are not being written as fast as they are being captured and can occur when the system is too slow to keep up. This situation can happen with older systems or cpus where there is more input then can be processed in a timely manner. So that when there are “Frames behind”, frames will be dropped.
+\paragraph{Frames behind} active input buffers. This is the number of frames that the video is behind and it will drop frames to get caught up. \textit{Frames behind} depends on the synchronization source, for example, time as the synchronization. This means that frames are not being written as fast as they are being captured and can occur when the system is too slow to keep up. This situation can happen with older systems or cpus where there is more input then can be processed in a timely manner. So that when there are \textit{Frames behind}, frames will be dropped.
The algorithm for determining how many frames to drop is as follows:
\item \textit{White square} --this is the Stop button to stop recording.
\item \textit{Red round button with white line} --start recording in single frame mode. The way this works is to just \textit{take a picture now, take a picture now\dots} The reason to use this mode is to get a still shot like you would with a camera. Sometimes input is continuous, for example looking at stars with a telescope -- surveillance goes on for hours, but you just want to take a picture now when something of significance interest comes up
\end{itemize}
-\paragraph{Cron} The batch recording watcher, cron, is either Idle or Active. When you start or stop batch recording at specific times, there is a cron thread watching timers to perform the timed action. Idle/Active indicates whether the timers are running.
+\paragraph{Cron} The batch recording watcher, cron, is either \textit{Idle} or \textit{Active}. When you start or stop batch recording at specific times, there is a cron thread watching timers to perform the timed action. Idle/Active indicates whether the timers are running.
\paragraph{Position} this is a timebase which tracks frames/samples when obeying frame/sample rate. When a recording starts, it resets to 0. Timing is against audio (when available). Audio time and video time are based on position.
You can select synchronization time source \textit{Positioning} in:
-\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} under the \texttt{Recording} tab.
+\texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} under the \textit{Recording} tab.
\noindent Possible choices for time base are:
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{images/recording02.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/recording02.png}
\caption{new feature v4l2 mpeg}
\label{fig:recording02}
\end{figure}
\item Set up Record Preferences.
\item Scan the Channels.
\item Watch TV by selecting the desired channel.
- \item Or set up a batch job to record a program and watch later via \texttt{Ctrl-Alt-s} in the main window.
+ \item Or set up a batch job to record a program and watch later via Ctrl-Alt-s in the main window.
\item Or record a currently running program by using the buttons in the Record window.
\item Load a previously recorded program.
\end{enumerate}
Listed below are the steps for the initial DVB setup. Setup will be preserved until you make changes.
\begin{enumerate}
- \item Start Cinelerra, and click \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording}
+ \item Start Cinelerra, and click \textit{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording}
\item Select \textit{File Format} checkbox: \texttt{Realtime TOC} (Table of Contents)
\begin{itemize}
\item It is not necessary to set File Format at this point as it will automatically be set later.
\item Select \texttt{Audio In $\rightarrow$ Record Driver: DVB}
\begin{itemize}
\item Set the \texttt{adapter path = /dev/dvb/adapter0} (probably)
- \item Set the \texttt{adapter dev = 0} (probably)
- \item Set the \texttt{Bits: 16 Bit Linear} (probably)
- \item Check: \texttt{Follow audio config}
- \item \texttt{Samples read from device}: $2048$ or approximate dev buffer size ($2k-16k$ probably)
- \item \texttt{Samples to write to disk}: $131072$ (a good size)
- \item \texttt{Sample rate for recording}: $48000$ (will automatically change, probably to $44100$)
- \item \texttt{Channels to record}: 2
- \item Uncheck \texttt{Map} $5.1 \rightarrow 2$
- \item \texttt{Gain}: $1.0$
- \item Uncheck: \texttt{Record in real-time priority}
+ \item Set the \textit{adapter dev = 0} (probably)
+ \item Set the \textit{Bits: 16 Bit Linear} (probably)
+ \item Check: \textit{Follow audio config}
+ \item \textit{Samples read from device}: $2048$ or approximate dev buffer size ($2k-16k$ probably)
+ \item \textit{Samples to write to disk}: $131072$ (a good size)
+ \item \textit{Channels to record}: 2
+ \item Uncheck \textit{Map} $5.1 \rightarrow 2$
+ \item \textit{Gain}: $1.0$
+ \item Uncheck: \textit{Record in real-time priority}
\end{itemize}
- \item Select in \textit{Video In}: \texttt{Record Driver: DVB} (note: File Format above changes to \textit{MPEG Stream})
+ \item Select in \textit{Video In}: \qquad \textit{Record Driver: DVB} (note: File Format above changes to \textit{MPEG Stream})
\begin{itemize}
\item Set the \texttt{DVB adapter} path = \texttt{/dev/dvb/adapter0} (probably)
- \item Set the adapter \texttt{dev} = 0 (probably)
- \item Check: \texttt{Follow video config}
- \item \texttt{Frames to record to disk at a time}: 30 (a good number)
- \item \texttt{Frames to buffer in device}: 2 ($2-6$ probably)
- \item \texttt{Positioning: Presentation Timestamps} (\textbf{this is important and may not be already set})
- \item Uncheck: \texttt{Sync drives automatically}
- \item \texttt{Size of captured frame}: $720x480$ (will automatically change)
- \item \texttt{Framerate for recording}: $29.97$ (will automatically change)
- \item Click \texttt{OK}
+ \item Set the adapter \textit{dev} = 0 (probably)
+ \item Check: \textit{Follow video config}
+ \item \textit{Frames to record to disk at a time}: 30 (a good number)
+ \item \textit{Frames to buffer in device}: 2 ($2-6$ probably)
+ \item \textit{Positioning: Presentation Timestamps} (\textbf{this is important and may not be already set})
+ \item Uncheck: \textit{Sync drives automatically}
+ \item \textit{Size of captured frame}: $720x480$ (will automatically change)
+ \item \textit{Framerate for recording}: $29.97$ (will automatically change)
+ \item Click OK
\end{itemize}
\end{enumerate}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/recording03.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{images/recording03.png}
\caption{Example of the Recording settings}
\label{fig:recording03}
\end{figure}
Scan the channels once the devices are setup by performing the following.
-From the main window pulldown use: \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} (lower case \textbf{r}) \& \texttt{resize windows}.
+From the main window pulldown use: \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} (lower case \textbf{r}) \& \textit{resize windows}.
\begin{itemize}
- \item Two windows appear -- the \textit{Recording} and the \textit{Video In}. The Recording window should have \texttt{Monitor video} checked and \texttt{Monitor audio} unchecked. Remember to check the Monitor audio later when you want to listen to a TV program.
- \item On the \textit{Video In} toolbar, click the \texttt{antenna} button (\textit{Edit channels} tool tip).
- \item When the \textit{Channels} window opens, click \texttt{scan} -- \textit{Scan confirm} window appears.
- \item Make sure \texttt{Freq table NTSC\_DVB}, \texttt{Norm NTSC}, and \texttt{input0} are chosen automatically.
- \item Click \texttt{OK} and then wait for scan to end which may take several minutes.
+ \item Two windows appear -- the \textit{Recording} and the \textit{Video In}. The Recording window should have \texttt{Monitor video} checked and \textit{Monitor audio} unchecked. Remember to check the Monitor audio later when you want to listen to a TV program.
+ \item On the \textit{Video In} toolbar, click the \textit{antenna} button (\textit{Edit channels} tool tip).
+ \item When the \textit{Channels} window opens, click \textit{scan} -- \textit{Scan confirm} window appears.
+ \item Make sure \textit{Freq table NTSC\_DVB}, \textit{Norm NTSC}, and \textit{input0} are chosen automatically.
+ \item Click OK and then wait for scan to end which may take several minutes.
\end{itemize}
Figure~\ref{fig:channels01} on the left shows the Channels window and the popup waiting for scan confirmation. On the right side is the usual Recording window with the Video in window hidden behind.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{images/channels01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{images/channels01.png}
\caption{Clockwise: Channels window; Video In (behind); Recording and Scan confirm}
\label{fig:channels01}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/channels02.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.99\linewidth]{images/channels02.png}
\caption{Scanning in progress ($6\%$)}
\label{fig:channels02}
\end{figure}
Any time after the channels have been scanned, you can edit them from the \textit{Recording} window channel selection dialog (shown on left of screenshot above, such as \textit{Sort}). You do not have to scan the channels every time as they are saved in a database referred to as the \textit{channel-db}.
\begin{itemize}
- \item Click \texttt{chk-OK} when done scanning channels and making any edits you want.
+ \item Click chk-OK when done scanning channels and making any edits you want.
\end{itemize}
\noindent After the channel-db is ready, you can watch any of the selectable channels.
If you have setup for DVB capture as outlined in the section above, just start here to watch TV.
\begin{itemize}
- \item From the main window use \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} to request the \texttt{Recording} application.
- \item In the \textit{Video In} window, press the \texttt{down arrow} on the left to see the channel pulldown.
- \item Select the desirable channel, and watch TV. You will have to enable the audio by checking the \texttt{Monitor audio} in the Recording window for sound.
+ \item From the main window use \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} to request the \textit{Recording} application.
+ \item In the \textit{Video In} window, press the down arrow on the left to see the channel pulldown.
+ \item Select the desirable channel, and watch TV. You will have to enable the audio by checking the \textit{Monitor audio} in the Recording window for sound.
\end{itemize}
-\textit{Helpful hints}: for any computer that you might choose to use that is a little slower, you can improve the available resources for watching TV by unchecking \texttt{Audio meters}, checking \texttt{drop overrun frames}, and checking \texttt{fill underrun frames}. Also, uncheck \texttt{Realtime TOC} in the \texttt{references $\rightarrow$ Recording} window.
+\textit{Helpful hints}: for any computer that you might choose to use that is a little slower, you can improve the available resources for watching TV by unchecking \textit{Audio meters}, checking \textit{drop overrun frames}, and checking \textit{fill underrun frames}. Also, uncheck \textit{Realtime TOC} in the \texttt{references $\rightarrow$ Recording} window.
-Dismiss the \textit{Recording} window with \texttt{chk-OK}, or \texttt{X} to cancel when finished.
+Dismiss the \textit{Recording} window with chk-OK, or "X" to cancel when finished.
\subsection{Recording TV to Capture at some Future Time via Batch}%
\label{sub:recording_tv_future_time_batch}
-After the initial setup and channel scan completion, with the Recording application down (so that the \texttt{/dev/dvb/adapter0} hardware is not in use) you can scan the DVB channel program data by pressing \texttt{Ctrl-Alt-s} from the main window. It can take a minute or two to scan the channels. The resulting display is a large array of program buttons, with tooltips which are the TV program info text.
+After the initial setup and channel scan completion, with the Recording application down (so that the \texttt{/dev/dvb/adapter0} hardware is not in use) you can scan the DVB channel program data by pressing Ctrl-Alt-s from the main window. It can take a minute or two to scan the channels. The resulting display is a large array of program buttons, with tooltips which are the TV program info text.
-Figure~\ref{fig:channels03} shows \textit{Channel Info} window after the \texttt{Ctrl-Alt-}s completes scanning TV program data.
+Figure~\ref{fig:channels03} shows \textit{Channel Info} window after the Ctrl-Alt-s completes scanning TV program data.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{images/channels03.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=1.0\linewidth]{images/channels03.png}
\caption{Channels Info window with many TV channels buttons}
\label{fig:channels03}
\end{figure}
-Now if you mouse over a program button, you see the TV program's info. Each of the programs is represented by a button. If you press a button, it preloads the program recording information into the batch record box below. In the bottom right corner box, you should set the \textit{Directory} path of where to write the recording before pressing a button, so that the files will be written to an area of sufficient size to handle the recording (9.5Gb/hr). The two little spinboxes on the Duration line in the right bottom corner are leadin/leadout times to start recording a few minutes early, and end a few minutes late to prevent losing program endpoints. Instead of setting it to the original default of 0, you might want to start 3 minutes ($-3.00$) before and stop 3 minutes after ($+3.00$). Also, be sure your computer has the correct time or it will miss. Check to make sure the \texttt{Start Cron} option is checked (default). The batch job will start monitoring the channel to be ready for capture once you \texttt{chk-OK} and you will see the \textit{Recording} window and the \textit{Video In} window come up. The computer will power off after completion if the \texttt{Poweroff} checkbox is selected (not default). The job line of the active capture in the batch bay will flash continuously once the recording is started.
+Now if you mouse over a program button, you see the TV program's info. Each of the programs is represented by a button. If you press a button, it preloads the program recording information into the batch record box below. In the bottom right corner box, you should set the \textit{Directory} path of where to write the recording before pressing a button, so that the files will be written to an area of sufficient size to handle the recording (9.5Gb/hr). The two little spinboxes on the Duration line in the right bottom corner are leadin/leadout times to start recording a few minutes early, and end a few minutes late to prevent losing program endpoints. Instead of setting it to the original default of 0, you might want to start 3 minutes ($-3.00$) before and stop 3 minutes after ($+3.00$). Also, be sure your computer has the correct time or it will miss. Check to make sure the \textit{Start Cron} option is checked (default). The batch job will start monitoring the channel to be ready for capture once you chk-OK and you will see the \textit{Recording} window and the \textit{Video In} window come up. The computer will power off after completion if the \textit{Poweroff} checkbox is selected (not default). The job line of the active capture in the batch bay will flash continuously once the recording is started.
In the Channel Info window, lower left hand corner above, there is a \texttt{Find} button which brings up a textbox so you can type in a TV program. When you double click on that program name, the cursor moves to the center of that program name in the list of programs in the window, highlights that program, and the characters that were white on black, turn yellow.
\subsection{Recording Immediately to Capture a current TV program}%
\label{sub:recording_capture_current_tv_program}
-If you have setup for DVB capture as outlined in the first section above, just start here to record a TV program that is currently playing and stop it whenever you want. Media files can be directly captured from the \textit{Recording} window to include \texttt{Start}, \texttt{Stop}, and then loaded via \texttt{chk-OK}.
+If you have setup for DVB capture as outlined in the first section above, just start here to record a TV program that is currently playing and stop it whenever you want. Media files can be directly captured from the \textit{Recording} window to include \textit{Start}, \textit{Stop}, and then loaded via chk-OK.
\begin{itemize}
- \item Bring up the \textit{Recording} window via the main window \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} (lower case \textbf{r}).
+ \item Bring up the \textit{Recording} window via the main window \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Record} (lower case "r").
\item Set the \texttt{Path} to the write file Path; be sure there is enough disk space ($9.5Gb/hr$).
- \item Set \texttt{Mode} pulldown to \texttt{Untimed} found in the upper left corner area of the window.
- \item Press transport \texttt{start recording} button (red round button).
+ \item Set \textit{Mode} pulldown to \textit{Untimed} found in the upper left corner area of the window.
+ \item Press transport \textit{start recording} button (red round button).
\item Path will flash and update in batch window and remain flashing while recording.
- \item Press transport \texttt{stop recording} button (white square button).
- \item Before clicking \texttt{chk-OK}, be sure to set the \textit{Insertion strategy}.
- \item Pressing \texttt{chk-OK} attempts to load any newly recorded media data for review.
- \item Or press \texttt{X-cancel} to terminate and dismiss the \textit{Recording} application.
+ \item Press transport \textit{stop recording} button (white square button).
+ \item Before clicking chk-OK, be sure to set the \textit{Insertion strategy}.
+ \item Pressing chk-OK attempts to load any newly recorded media data for review.
+ \item Or press \textit{X-cancel} to terminate and dismiss the \textit{Recording} application.
\end{itemize}
Figure~\ref{fig:recording04} shows the recording of a currently running broadcast TV program weather report.
\subsection{Record “on the fly” Table of Contents (TOC)}%
\label{sub:record_on_the_fly_toc}
-If the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} tab is selected, and the \texttt{video Record Driver} is changed to \textit{DVB}, the file format is switched to \textit{MPEG Stream} automatically (note that the \texttt{audio Record Driver} must also be set to \textit{DVB} for broadcast recording). This kind of record stream can be captured by simply writing the hardware capture stream directly to the record capture asset file path. But by checking the \texttt{Realtime TOC} in the \texttt{Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} window, it is possible to scan the stream data \textit{on the fly} on its way to being written while the asset is being captured . The scan is used to generate a TOC – Table of Contents file in the \texttt{\$HOME/.bcast5} directory. This file is used by the mpeg library to view the stream. This avoids the need to scan the file on first open since the TOC builder can run in realtime.
+If the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} tab is selected, and the \textit{video Record Driver} is changed to \textit{DVB}, the file format is switched to \textit{MPEG Stream} automatically (note that the \textit{audio Record Driver} must also be set to \textit{DVB} for broadcast recording). This kind of record stream can be captured by simply writing the hardware capture stream directly to the record capture asset file path. But by checking the \textit{Realtime TOC} in the \texttt{Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} window, it is possible to scan the stream data \textit{on the fly} on its way to being written while the asset is being captured . The scan is used to generate a TOC – Table of Contents file in the \texttt{\$HOME/.bcast5} directory. This file is used by the mpeg library to view the stream. This avoids the need to scan the file on first open since the TOC builder can run in realtime.
-Figure~\ref{fig:realtime_toc} shows the red-checked \texttt{Realtime TOC} for the \textit{Record Driver} of DVB.
+Figure~\ref{fig:realtime_toc} shows the red-checked \textit{Realtime TOC} for the \textit{Record Driver} of DVB.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
\begin{itemize}
\item In the main window choose \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Load} files and select the desired media file to watch.
\item Broadcast transport streams may consist of multiple programs that all run together on one channel (for example $9-1$, $9-2$, and $9-3$ are all on channel 9). Therefore when you play the
- recorded program back all of these programs will play simultaneously and that is a jumble. In order to select just the one you want, press \texttt{Alt-1} in the main window to select \textit{Asset Program 1} (or \texttt{Alt-1...8} to select the desired asset program number) which removes all of the unrelated audio/video tracks except for the selected program. It also resets the session to match the media.
+ recorded program back all of these programs will play simultaneously and that is a jumble. In order to select just the one you want, press Alt-1 in the main window to select \textit{Asset Program 1} (or "Alt-1...8" to select the desired asset program number) which removes all of the unrelated audio/video tracks except for the selected program. It also resets the session to match the media.
\item Move timeline to where you would like to start watching.
- \item Be sure the Compositor window is up and you will see the pre-recorded program there. Use either the keyboard, a remote control that has been set up, or Android device for controls. To toggle between fullscreen or original size, press \texttt{f} in the Compositor window.
+ \item Be sure the Compositor window is up and you will see the pre-recorded program there. Use either the keyboard, a remote control that has been set up, or Android device for controls. To toggle between fullscreen or original size, press "f" in the Compositor window.
\end{itemize}
To watch on a large TV screen or monitor which you have connected, you will have to setup for \textit{Dual Screen Mode} as explained in the next section. In addition, you can either use a Remote Control hardware device or special key setup for manipulating the playback.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/two-monitors01.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.85\linewidth]{images/two-monitors01.png}
\caption{Dual screen - initial}
\label{fig:two-monitors01}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/two-monitors02.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.85\linewidth]{images/two-monitors02.png}
\caption{Dual screen - Cinelerra and desktop on different screens}
\label{fig:two-monitors02}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/two-monitors03.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.85\linewidth]{images/two-monitors03.png}
\caption{Dual screen - Cinelerra compositor on own screen windowed}
\label{fig:two-monitors03}
\end{figure}
-Figure~\ref{fig:two-monitors04} shows 2 monitors with Compositor window on the 2nd monitor in FULLSCREEN mode so that no Cinelerra borders are visible to distract from the picture. The big red arrow points to the little red square box indicating that Remote Control mode is in effect.
+Figure~\ref{fig:two-monitors04} shows 2 monitors with Compositor window on the 2nd monitor in Fullscreen mode so that no Cinelerra borders are visible to distract from the picture. The big red arrow points to the little red square box indicating that Remote Control mode is in effect.
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\centering
- \includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{images/two-monitors04.png}
+ \includegraphics[width=0.85\linewidth]{images/two-monitors04.png}
\caption{Dual screen - Cinelerra compositor on own screen full screen}
\label{fig:two-monitors04}
\end{figure}
\label{fig:remote01}
\end{wrapfigure}
-Cinelerra DVB recording/playback can now easily be done in “couch potato” mode using a remote control. This comes in handy when you want to playback on a big TV screen for multiple person viewing. You can use the Application/Menu key on the keyboard to toggle between standard Cinelerra usage or a Dispatcher methodology through use of a remote control, an Android programmed device such as a tablet, or keyboard. The Application/Menu key on most keyboards is between the Alt and Ctrl keys on the right hand side bottom and depicts a menu on it either with or without a pointer (see image below). An ati-x10 Remote Control device (figure~\ref{fig:remote01}) is currently working with Cinelerra and other remote controls may work but have never been tried. The red/orange box on the top left main screen of Cinelerra indicates Dispatcher Method access is activated which allows for keyboard grab which routes all key strokes until toggled off. Below are the currently defined operations.
+Cinelerra DVB recording/playback can now easily be done in \textit{couch potato} mode using a remote control. This comes in handy when you want to playback on a big TV screen for multiple person viewing. You can use the Application/Menu key on the keyboard to toggle between standard Cinelerra usage or a Dispatcher methodology through use of a remote control, an Android programmed device such as a tablet, or keyboard. The Application/Menu key on most keyboards is between the Alt and Ctrl keys on the right hand side bottom and depicts a menu on it either with or without a pointer (see image below). An ati-x10 Remote Control device (figure~\ref{fig:remote01}) is currently working with Cinelerra and other remote controls may work but have never been tried. The red/orange box on the top left main screen of Cinelerra indicates Dispatcher Method access is activated which allows for keyboard grab which routes all key strokes until toggled off. Below are the currently defined operations.
\newline
Remote Control Keys (Application/Menu key toggle for ati-x10 remote)
% Should find something so that the last column width automatically adapts to margin/font/pagesize.
\begin{tabular}{lc p{12cm}}
+ \toprule
up arrow&=&forward 1 minute\\
down arrow&=&forward single frame\\
book key&=&toggles channel scan (always available)\\
- hand key&=&terminates Cinelerra (always available)\\
+ hand key&=&terminates Cinelerra (always available)\\
+ \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\noindent Plus usual Transport keys:
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
+ \toprule
e&=&??\\
f&=&toggle full screen\\
square&=&stop\\
- 2 lines&=&fast reverse\\
+ 2 lines&=&fast reverse\\
+ \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
The Application/Menu key \quad
\begin{enumerate}
\item The Android Remote Control requires you to download and install the Android \textit{CineRmt} app package (apk). To install it simply download it (any way you can) to your phone or tablet and click it to install, if it doesn't run automatically.
- \item In Cinelerra, open \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Interface} tab, and enable \texttt{Android Remote Control} in the Operation section using the checkbox. The default port $23432$ and default PIN value \texttt{cinelerra} are OK.
+ \item In Cinelerra, open \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Interface} tab, and enable \textit{Android Remote Control} in the Operation section using the checkbox. The default port $23432$ and default PIN value \textit{cinelerra} are OK.
\item After you install the new phone/tablet app in step 1, start it up from your apps menu.
\end{enumerate}
\label{fig:remote02}
\end{figure}
-Before you can use it, the Android device must have the ip address of your computer entered into the configuration menu. The PC you are running Cinelerra on and the Android device have to be on the same network. You can tell it is in communication by tapping the \texttt{Power} (menu) button. When the remote is operated with the \texttt{Power} (menu) button, there is a little orange box on the upper left corner of the display to indicate the remote state is active. If you do not see the little orange box when the menu key is tapped, the communication is broken and must be fixed before proceeding. Follow the directions in the paragraph below.
+Before you can use it, the Android device must have the ip address of your computer entered into the configuration menu. The PC you are running Cinelerra on and the Android device have to be on the same network. You can tell it is in communication by tapping the \texttt{Power} (menu) button. When the remote is operated with the \textit{Power} (menu) button, there is a little orange box on the upper left corner of the display to indicate the remote state is active. If you do not see the little orange box when the menu key is tapped, the communication is broken and must be fixed before proceeding. Follow the directions in the paragraph below.
BIG NOTICE: the firewalls in your computer and wifi router can stop this thing dead. Re-configuring a firewall is tricky and varies from distro to distro. If possible, during setup it is suggested that you disable the firewall temporarily. For those with advanced skills, use tcpdump or wireshark to look for udp messages from the IP address of the device.
There are 2 ways currently to identify a commercial:
\begin{enumerate}
- \item Load mpeg3 transport media, highlight select the commercial in the timeline, and press \texttt{cut commercial} on the toolbar.
+ \item Load mpeg3 transport media, highlight select the commercial in the timeline, and press \textit{cut commercial} on the toolbar.
\item Use the remote control interface to indicate the boundary in/out cut points in the realtime capture timeline, and operate a cut command.
\end{enumerate}
The stats are somewhat disappointing. Image recognition is way past zero, it is not $100$ percent. Broadcast streams have tons of minor variances which hamper digitally perfect reproduction from instance to instance of commercial presentation. This puzzle remains to be solved.
-To review media stored in the \texttt{media.db}, and delete old expired commercial data records, press (\texttt{Shift-M}) from the main window. This will create a media-db window which shows the various captured samples stored there.
+To review media stored in the \texttt{media.db}, and delete old expired commercial data records, press (Shift-M) from the main window. This will create a media-db window which shows the various captured samples stored there.
Currently, only a customized \textit{ati-x10} (kernel mod required) radio remote control works. But this can quite readily be modified for other remote control models.
\section{Transfer VHS/DVD Media into Cinelerra}%
\label{sec:transfer_vhs_dvd_into_cinelerra}
-If you want to transfer the data on a VHS tape or DVD disc into Cinelerra, you can do so by playing the media and recording while playing. This captures the media, which you are able to view as it plays, and writes it to a file so it can be played directly or edited. Because there is so much variation in hardware on both the Computer side and the Media Player side, these “how to” directions are only a guideline. You will most likely still have to do some experimentation and testing to see what works for you.
+If you want to transfer the data on a VHS tape or DVD disc into Cinelerra, you can do so by playing the media and recording while playing. This captures the media, which you are able to view as it plays, and writes it to a file so it can be played directly or edited. Because there is so much variation in hardware on both the Computer side and the Media Player side, these \textit{how to} directions are only a guideline. You will most likely still have to do some experimentation and testing to see what works for you.
The basic strategy consists of 3 operations: connect the relevant outputs to representative inputs, configure the capture card to match the video, and start the Record monitor. Each of these may have to be experimented with to get them correct for your hardware setup.
\texttt{CIN\_CONFIG=\$HOME/bcast6 {cinelerra\_path}/bin/cin}
\begin{itemize}
- \item Choose \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences} and then the \texttt{Recording} tab in the Preferences menu (figure~\ref{fig:recordingx}).
- \item Choose a \textit{File Format} --- a common suggestion is \textit{ffmpeg} with a \textit{file type} of \texttt{mp4}. In some cases depending on your capture card, the File Format will be set to \textit{MPEG stream} capture. Some formats support MPEG stream capture technique, otherwise the data has to be decoded first and then encoded.
- \item Check that the \textit{Audio In} section has the \texttt{Record Driver} set to \texttt{Alsa} with \texttt{Device} set to \texttt{default} as the Capture Source. If you are using something besides Alsa, change that selection accordingly. This may not always be default and you may have to change to something else based on your specific hardware. It has to match up what you see in our Control Panel on your computer. So for example, if your device is HDMI, than the \texttt{default} could be \texttt{HDMI}\dots instead.
- \item In the \textit{Video In} section, change the\texttt{ Record Driver} to whatever makes sense for your capture card. The test case for the CX23418 would use Video4Linux2 MPEG. If unknown what your card uses, you should experiment with Video4Linux2 or Screencapture as good possibilities.
- \item Also, \texttt{Device path} should be verified to be correct in case you have more than 1 device.
+ \item Choose \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Recording} tab in the Preferences menu (figure~\ref{fig:recordingx}).
+ \item Choose a \textit{File Format} -- a common suggestion is \textit{ffmpeg} with a \textit{file type} of mp4. In some cases depending on your capture card, the File Format will be set to \textit{MPEG stream} capture. Some formats support MPEG stream capture technique, otherwise the data has to be decoded first and then encoded.
+ \item Check that the \textit{Audio In} section has the \textit{Record Driver} set to \textit{Alsa} with \textit{Device} set to \textit{default} as the Capture Source. If you are using something besides Alsa, change that selection accordingly. This may not always be default and you may have to change to something else based on your specific hardware. It has to match up what you see in our Control Panel on your computer. So for example, if your device is HDMI, than the \textit{default} could be \textit{HDMI}\dots instead.
+ \item In the \textit{Video In} section, change the\textit{ Record Driver} to whatever makes sense for your capture card. The test case for the CX23418 would use Video4Linux2 MPEG. If unknown what your card uses, you should experiment with Video4Linux2 or Screencapture as good possibilities.
+ \item Also, \textit{Device path} should be verified to be correct in case you have more than 1 device.
\end{itemize}
\begin{figure}[htpb]
\label{fig:recordingx}
\end{figure}
-\textit{Step 3}: Next use the “File” pulldown to choose “Record” and then the Recording menu will popup (figure~\ref{fig:vhs01}).
+\textit{Step 3}: Next use the \textit{File} pulldown to choose \textit{Record} and then the Recording menu will popup (figure~\ref{fig:vhs01}).
\begin{itemize}
\item Click on the Antenna icon ($3^{rd}$ icon from the left on the left side of the right hand screen window).
\item In the popup \textit{Channels} menu, click on \texttt{Add} which brings up the \textit{Edit Channel} menu.
- \item Use the down arrow in the \textit{Input} box to display the available options. In the test case, and very likely your case too, \texttt{S-Video 1} should be picked.
+ \item Use the down arrow in the \textit{Input} box to display the available options. In the test case, and very likely your case too, \textit{S-Video 1} should be picked.
\item In the Recording menu, be sure to designate a complete path and filename in the \textit{Path:} textbox which will be used to record/write the playing media. Remember you must have the media on a file in order for Cinelerra to load it on the timeline for editing purposes.
\end{itemize}
\end{figure}
\begin{itemize}
- \item Then highlight \texttt{S-Video} in the \textit{Channels} Menu. Again, the choice in the Channels Menu might not be S-Video -- choices could vary widely. Start recording in your Recording menu by clicking on the second icon from the left, next to the \textit{Transport} label (it is usually a round red colored button).
- \item Next press \texttt{play} on your media hardware device. If on the \textit{Video In} side window you see only noise, then S-Video or something else was an incorrect choice and you will have to perform some tests to find correct choices.
+ \item Then highlight \textit{S-Video} in the \textit{Channels} Menu. Again, the choice in the Channels Menu might not be S-Video -- choices could vary widely. Start recording in your Recording menu by clicking on the second icon from the left, next to the \textit{Transport} label (it is usually a round red colored button).
+ \item Next press \textit{play} on your media hardware device. If on the \textit{Video In} side window you see only noise, then S-Video or something else was an incorrect choice and you will have to perform some tests to find correct choices.
\end{itemize}
There are many more parameters that you may want to vary in the Recording menu or for more details on various items, please refer to the section \hyperref[sec:record_web_media_rt]{Record Web Media in real-time}. The \textit{Transport} buttons are well defined there also.
\end{longtable}
\end{center}
+\newpage
+
\subsection{Main menu buttons}%
\label{sub:main_menu_buttons}
\begin{description}
\item[cut\_buffers 0-7] these are obsolete but they still work and are the simplest to use.
\item[highlighting] called primary selection; almost all clipboard programs only use this.
- \item[copy and paste] called secondary (or clipboard) selection. Some more modern programs use \texttt{ctrl-C/ctrl-X} and \texttt{ctrl-V} for this (some use other keys or qualifiers, like \texttt{shift}).
+ \item[copy and paste] called secondary (or clipboard) selection. Some more modern programs use Ctrl-C/Ctrl-X and Ctrl-V for this (some use other keys or qualifiers, like Shift).
\end{description}
\subsection*{How it works:}%
All of the methods use window \textit{properties} to attach data, called a selection, to a source window. The program advertises the selection by using the X server. The window property used determines which selection type is set/advertised by the new selection.
-When a paste is used in a target window, the target program requests the advertised selection data. This may access one of two buffers depending on which type of load/paste action is used. The user loads a \textit{cut buffer} via \texttt{drag} select or \texttt{ctrl-C/ctrl-X}, and pastes a \textit{cut buffer} via \texttt{middle mouse} press or \texttt{ctrl-V}.
+When a paste is used in a target window, the target program requests the advertised selection data. This may access one of two buffers depending on which type of load/paste action is used. The user loads a \textit{cut buffer} via Drag select or Ctrl-C/Ctrl-X, and pastes a \textit{cut buffer} via middle mouse press or Ctrl-V.
\subsection*{Cinelerra cut and paste:}%
\label{sub:cinelerra_cut_paste}
\subsubsection*{1. Text cut and paste operations}%
\label{ssub:text_cut_paste_operations}
-To use a text selection, create a drag selection in textboxes by pressing and holding left mouse button with the pointer over the beginning of the text selection, then move the pointer over the desired selection to the selection end, then release the mouse button. This continuously reloads the \textit{primary} clipboard buffer and highlights the text selection. It can then be pasted to most programs by pressing the middle mouse button with the pointer over the text insertion point. Some examples of these programs are \textit{xterm}, \textit{gnome-terminal}, \textit{cinelerra}, and \textit{browser} input text boxes. After you create a text selection, if you then press \texttt{ctrl-C} the selection will also be copied to the \textit{secondary} (or \textit{clipboard}) selection buffer. This second paste buffer can be used for a more lasting save effect, since it will not be lost until you again press \texttt{ctrl-C} (copy). Using \texttt{ctrl-X} (cut) will also copy the selection to the secondary clipboard buffer, and then delete the selection from the textbox. If you press \texttt{ctrl-V} (or paste) in a target window, the secondary selection will be inserted at the target window cursor. If a text selection exists in the target window, it is replaced by the pasted text.
+To use a text selection, create a drag selection in textboxes by pressing and holding left mouse button with the pointer over the beginning of the text selection, then move the pointer over the desired selection to the selection end, then release the mouse button. This continuously reloads the \textit{primary} clipboard buffer and highlights the text selection. It can then be pasted to most programs by pressing the middle mouse button with the pointer over the text insertion point. Some examples of these programs are \textit{xterm}, \textit{gnome-terminal}, \textit{cinelerra}, and \textit{browser} input text boxes. After you create a text selection, if you then press Ctrl-C the selection will also be copied to the \textit{secondary} (or \textit{clipboard}) selection buffer. This second paste buffer can be used for a more lasting save effect, since it will not be lost until you again press Ctrl-C (copy). Using Ctrl-V (cut) will also copy the selection to the secondary clipboard buffer, and then delete the selection from the textbox. If you press Ctrl-V (or paste) in a target window, the secondary selection will be inserted at the target window cursor. If a text selection exists in the target window, it is replaced by the pasted text.
\subsubsection*{2. Media cut and paste operations}%
\label{ssub:media_cut_paste_operations}
-To create a media selection, highlight a region on the Cinelerra media timeline, then use the main menubar or compositor/viewer edit panel to operate the clip cut, copy, or copy-keyframe menu buttons. This selection can then be pasted to a target selection on the timeline using the main menubar or compositor/viewer edit panel to operate the clip paste or paste-keyframe operation. Also, by using the resource window you can select the \textit{Clips} folder and right mouse the resources list box, then use the \texttt{Paste Clip} menu item to paste the selection to a named clip. Additionally, these methods work between running instances of Cinelerra, which means you can move media clips between the Cinelerra program instances. The clip data is also copied to the secondary clipboard buffer. This makes it possible to examine the clip content directly if so desired.
+To create a media selection, highlight a region on the Cinelerra media timeline, then use the main menubar or compositor/viewer edit panel to operate the clip cut, copy, or copy-keyframe menu buttons. This selection can then be pasted to a target selection on the timeline using the main menubar or compositor/viewer edit panel to operate the clip paste or paste-keyframe operation. Also, by using the resource window you can select the \textit{Clips} folder and right mouse the resources list box, then use the \textit{Paste Clip} menu item to paste the selection to a named clip. Additionally, these methods work between running instances of Cinelerra, which means you can move media clips between the Cinelerra program instances. The clip data is also copied to the secondary clipboard buffer. This makes it possible to examine the clip content directly if so desired.
\subsubsection*{3. The older cut\_buffer method}%
\label{ssub:older_cut_buffer_method}
\textit{Seeking} targets and displays the next frame. The next frame is targeted because frame zero has no previous. When you seek, you reposition to just before the target frame, and since the play direction has not been established (there is no direction when seeking) it shows you the next frame. This produces the expected behavior when you seek to frame zero; you see the first frame. Seeking displays in the compositor what you are getting ready to work with/edit/etc; always showing the next frame in relation to the cursor. Technically, since seeking just resets the position, it would be correct not to update the compositor, but it is best to seek and show the next frame to confirm that it is the frame you expected to see.
-\textit{Playing} shows you what has just been played in the compositor window. It is not the same as seeking. When you use \texttt{keypad 1} to play frame forward, then the 1st frame that is played and shown in the compositor window is frame zero (which was already displayed). The position is incremented to 1. Press \texttt{keypad 1} yet again, and the next frame displayed is 1, and the new position is 2, and so on. According to the implemented strategy, the insertion point moves to track playback. When playback stops, the insertion point stays where playback stopped. Thus, with playback you change the position of the insertion point.
+\textit{Playing} shows you what has just been played in the compositor window. It is not the same as seeking. When you use Keypad 1 to play frame forward, then the 1st frame that is played and shown in the compositor window is frame zero (which was already displayed). The position is incremented to 1. Press Keypad 1 yet again, and the next frame displayed is 1, and the new position is 2, and so on. According to the implemented strategy, the insertion point moves to track playback. When playback stops, the insertion point stays where playback stopped. Thus, with playback you change the position of the insertion point.
Simple explanation of what you will be seeing in the compositor when playing:
\item[Play backward] the frame to the left of the cursor in the timeline gets displayed.
\end{description}
-The reason behind this \textit{play} methodology is that you want to know what you just played so that you know what matches what you just saw/heard in case that is the desired stuff. You don't want the compositor to show you what you have not yet played -- you need to see this frame to analyze/check to see if it is what you want. This behavior applies to any playing operation, such as the \texttt{keypad} or \texttt{Frame forward / Frame reverse} buttons. You can still easily see the actual insertion point in the zoombar at the bottom of the timeline -- sixth button over or 3rd button from the right side. Also note the following:
+The reason behind this \textit{play} methodology is that you want to know what you just played so that you know what matches what you just saw/heard in case that is the desired stuff. You don't want the compositor to show you what you have not yet played -- you need to see this frame to analyze/check to see if it is what you want. This behavior applies to any playing operation, such as the \textit{keypad} or \textit{Frame forward / Frame reverse} buttons. You can still easily see the actual insertion point in the zoombar at the bottom of the timeline -- sixth button over or 3rd button from the right side. Also note the following:
\begin{description}
\item[Blinking insertion point on the timeline] seeking/positioning was the last operation.
\begin{enumerate}
\item open a small example of 10 numbered frames (or use the \texttt{Title} plugin to add a timestamp)
- \item press \texttt{f} to \textit{fit} the timeline
+ \item press "f" to \textit{fit} the timeline
\item make sure \texttt{settings $\rightarrow$ align\_cursor\_on\_frames} is set
\item seek to frame 4 by clicking on the timeline at position 4, compositor shows the 5th frame, since the
media counts from 1 and the timeline counts from 0. This is correct behavior.
- \item press \texttt{KP1} to play next frame. According to playback strategy: \textit{When play is forwards, the next unit is displayed, and the position is advanced one unit}. So the next frame is 4, (shows the $5^{th}$ frame) it is displayed. The position is advanced from 4 to 5. This is correct behavior.
- \item press \texttt{KP4} to play the previous frame. According to playback strategy: \textit{When play is in reverse, the previous unit is displayed, and the position is reduced one unit}. So the previous frame is 4, (shows the $5^{th}$ frame) it is displayed. The position is reduced from 5 to 4. This is correct behavior.
+ \item press KP1 to play next frame. According to playback strategy: \textit{When play is forwards, the next unit is displayed, and the position is advanced one unit}. So the next frame is 4, (shows the $5^{th}$ frame) it is displayed. The position is advanced from 4 to 5. This is correct behavior.
+ \item press KP4 to play the previous frame. According to playback strategy: \textit{When play is in reverse, the previous unit is displayed, and the position is reduced one unit}. So the previous frame is 4, (shows the $5^{th}$ frame) it is displayed. The position is reduced from 5 to 4. This is correct behavior.
\end{enumerate}
If you watch the zoombar (bottom of main window) position, it shows the current position is just before the next frame to be displayed when going forwards, and just after the frame to be displayed when going backward.
\subsection{Always Show Next Frame}%
\label{sub:always_show_next_frame}
-Since some users prefer the insertion pointer to reflect the same as the Compositor a choice is available. For playing forward, there is a preference option which results in what looks like 1 was added to the frame displayed in the Compositor window. To enable this mode, check the box \texttt{Always show next frame}, and this will be saved to \texttt{.bcast5}. The option checkbox is in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Appearance} tab and when checked, any forward \textit{plays} in the Compositor window show the same frame as you would with a seek. Reverse plays and plays using a selection or In/Out pointers (with \texttt{Ctrl}) work the same as without this preference set. But you will no longer see the odd behavior where if you frame advance forward and then frame advance backward, the displayed frame does not change -- instead it will change and look more natural.
+Since some users prefer the insertion pointer to reflect the same as the Compositor a choice is available. For playing forward, there is a preference option which results in what looks like 1 was added to the frame displayed in the Compositor window. To enable this mode, check the box \texttt{Always show next frame}, and this will be saved to \texttt{.bcast5}. The option checkbox is in the \texttt{Settings $\rightarrow$ Preferences $\rightarrow$ Appearance} tab and when checked, any forward \textit{plays} in the Compositor window show the same frame as you would with a seek. Reverse plays and plays using a selection or In/Out pointers (with Ctrl) work the same as without this preference set. But you will no longer see the odd behavior where if you frame advance forward and then frame advance backward, the displayed frame does not change -- instead it will change and look more natural.
A color indicator that shows in the main track canvas timeline and the compositor timeline reminds the user which mode is currently active. The cursor in the compositor turns \textit{red} for default mode and \textit{white} for \textit{Always show next frame} mode. The top portion of the insertion cursor in the track canvas mirrors this, with red for default and white otherwise.
Figure~\ref{fig:cursor01} using the default \textit{playing} method where the frame in the compositor is the one that was just played; in this case play was in the forward direction. Note that the insertion pointer in the main track canvas shows 01:20 but the compositor show 01:19 so you know what you last saw. Also, the cursor/cursor tops in both windows is red.
%\includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{name.ext}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1, transform shape]
\node (img1) [yshift=0cm, xshift=0cm, rotate=0] {\includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{images/cursor01.png}};
- \node [yshift=-20mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Compositor) {Red cursor in Compositor};
+ \node [yshift=-21mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Compositor) {Red cursor in Compositor};
\node [yshift=-26mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Timeline) {red cursor in Timeline};
- \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Compositor) edge ([yshift=-20mm] img1.north west);
+ \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Compositor) edge ([yshift=-21mm] img1.north west);
\draw [->, line width=1mm] (Timeline) edge ([yshift=-26mm] img1.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{"Default" mode with red cursors}
%\includegraphics[width=0.8\linewidth]{name.ext}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1, transform shape]
\node (img1) [yshift=0cm, xshift=0cm, rotate=0] {\includegraphics[width=0.6\linewidth]{images/cursor02.png}};
- \node [yshift=-21mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Compositor) {White cursor in Compositor};
- \node [yshift=-27mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Timeline) {White cursor in Timeline};
- \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Compositor) edge ([yshift=-21mm] img1.north west);
- \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Timeline) edge ([yshift=-27mm] img1.north west);
+ \node [yshift=-23mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Compositor) {White cursor in Compositor};
+ \node [yshift=-28mm, xshift=-1cm,anchor=east] at (img1.north west) (Timeline) {White cursor in Timeline};
+ \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Compositor) edge ([yshift=-23mm] img1.north west);
+ \draw [->, line width=1mm] (Timeline) edge ([yshift=-28mm] img1.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{"Always show next frame" mode with white cursors}
\label{fig:cursor02}
\subsection{Seeking Issues}%
\label{sub:seeking_issue}
-If you have an issue playing a video and not seeing it in the Compositor (just see a black screen), it is most likely due to the media not being designed to be \textit{editable}. It is most likely not damaged. Generally it just does not have keyframes which are needed for seeking which is what is done when you move around the media and start playing in the middle. The media plays just fine in the compositor if you always play from the beginning because then you don’t need keyframes to seek. You can get around this problem if you proxy the media. A good choice to use for the proxy would be \texttt{use scalar}, \texttt{ffmpeg/mp4} and size of $\frac{1}{2}$. The proxied media can then seek and you will see it play in the compositor because keyframes exist.
+If you have an issue playing a video and not seeing it in the Compositor (just see a black screen), it is most likely due to the media not being designed to be \textit{editable}. It is most likely not damaged. Generally it just does not have keyframes which are needed for seeking which is what is done when you move around the media and start playing in the middle. The media plays just fine in the compositor if you always play from the beginning because then you don’t need keyframes to seek. You can get around this problem if you proxy the media. A good choice to use for the proxy would be \textit{use scalar}, \textit{ffmpeg/mp4} and size of $\frac{1}{2}$. The proxied media can then seek and you will see it play in the compositor because keyframes exist.
\section{Color Space and Color Range Affecting Playback}%
\label{sec:color_space_range_playback}
The mpeg YUV color range $[16..235]$ looks sort of like an old TV if it is viewed on a display with jpeg range $[0..255]$. A common expression for the short \textit{mpeg} color range is \textit{compressed} color range. If you are using color compressed data with no display decompression, or using uncompressed data and the display is configured to use compression, the color range will appear \textit{squished} or \textit{stretched}, as too gray or too much contrast.
-The \texttt{use X11 direct when possible} preference with X11 as your video driver, generally means that you value speed over color range. When you use this feature and the color range preference is mismatched, the color switch offsets will still appear. This is a personal choice solely for improved speed.
+The \textit{use X11 direct when possible} preference with X11 as your video driver, generally means that you value speed over color range. When you use this feature and the color range preference is mismatched, the color switch offsets will still appear. This is a personal choice solely for improved speed.
There is now program code to look for RGB versus YUV color model mismatches. You can override the default setup, which mirrors the original code, via the following.
This functionality was added to Cinelerra by the original author to create simple animation. The file type for this animation is \textit{Scene}.
-To get started making a simple animated movie copy from the directory: \texttt{<cin\_path>/cinelerra/tests} the \texttt{text2movie} and \texttt{text2movie.xml}. You can see what this does via \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Load\dots $\rightarrow$ text2movie.xml}. The file text2movie acts like a normal asset, except changes to it are immediately reflected on the timeline without reloading and the length is infinite. You can just edit the text2movie file to change the script. If the length of the movie increases, drag the right edit handle to extend the edit or use the pulldown \texttt{Edit $\rightarrow$ edit length}. There is one audio channel created for every character. The frame rate, sample rate, frame size, and camera angles are fixed. To see these values, right click on the asset and look at the \textit{Asset info}.
+To get started making a simple animated movie copy from the directory:\\
+\texttt{<cin\_path>/cinelerra/tests} the \texttt{text2movie} and \texttt{text2movie.xml}. \\
+You can see what this does via \texttt{File $\rightarrow$ Load\dots $\rightarrow$ text2movie.xml}. The file text2movie acts like a normal asset, except changes to it are immediately reflected on the timeline without reloading and the length is infinite. You can just edit the text2movie file to change the script. If the length of the movie increases, drag the right edit handle to extend the edit or use the pulldown \texttt{Edit $\rightarrow$ edit length}. There is one audio channel created for every character. The frame rate, sample rate, frame size, and camera angles are fixed. To see these values, right click on the asset and look at the \textit{Asset info}.
Currently the functionality that is implemented focuses on dialog between two people. The models are defined in model files saved in Cinelerra's executable directory (for example, \texttt{/opt/cinelerra/models}). The character model and voice is selected separately in the script. The model files have the same name that appears in the script and are usually saved in the directory the script is in, but there is a defined search path, if not. You can create new models for the script without affecting the entire system. These models define the total size of the model along with the images used -- the model images are 2D png images because all the animations are baked. Since there is no 3D renderer, no custom movement is supported.
\section{Textbox Non-std Character / Unicode Insertion}%
\label{sec:textbox_non_std_character_unicode}
-If you want to enter a special character -- like a bullet, an accent grave character, or a mathematical summation symbol -- you can use the unicode equivalent in a textbox to do so. In the textbox, keyin \texttt{Ctrl-Shift-U} which puts you into single character unicode mode, then keyin the numerical value for the intended single character followed by the carriage return. For a voluminous list of possible special characters, you can go to \url{https://unicode-table.com/en/} on the internet to choose by highlighting a character to get its numerical equivalence. For example, $U+2022$ is a bullet. If you make a mistake, you can use the \texttt{backspace} key or if you want to exit unicode-insert-mode, use the \texttt{ESC} key. This feature is especially useful with the \textit{Title} plugin and for naming Tracks in the main window.
+If you want to enter a special character -- like a bullet, an accent grave character, or a mathematical summation symbol -- you can use the unicode equivalent in a textbox to do so. In the textbox, keyin Ctrl-Shift-U which puts you into single character unicode mode, then keyin the numerical value for the intended single character followed by the carriage return. For a voluminous list of possible special characters, you can go to {\small \url{https://unicode-table.com/en/}} on the internet to choose by highlighting a character to get its numerical equivalence. For example, $U+2022$ is a bullet. If you make a mistake, you can use the \textit{backspace} key or if you want to exit unicode-insert-mode, use the \textit{ESC} key. This feature is especially useful with the \textit{Title} plugin and for naming Tracks in the main window.
-However, it is worth mentioning that some special characters are available via the \textit{compose} key in the current distribution. \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compose_key} .
+However, it is worth mentioning that some special characters are available via the \textit{compose} key in the current distribution. {\small \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compose_key}}
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